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2023 NOAA Lidar DEM: AK Coastal Communties (Dillingham/Aleknagik, Ekuk, Ekwok, Koliganek, Manokotak, New Stuyahok)
 (MI_Metadata)
    fileIdentifier:  gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:77586
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                deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                city:  Charleston
                administrativeArea:  SC
                postalCode:  29405-2413
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                electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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      DateTime:  2025-08-28T17:27:05
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    metadataStandardVersion:  ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2023 NOAA Lidar DEM: AK Coastal Communties (Dillingham/Aleknagik, Ekuk, Ekwok, Koliganek, Manokotak, New Stuyahok)
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2023
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) creation
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                date:  2025
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
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                    title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                    date: (inapplicable)
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                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 77586
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                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/77586
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                        description:  View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset.
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/entwine/geoid12b/10424/ept.json
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Entwine Point Tile (EPT)
                        description:  Entwine Point Tile (EPT) is a simple and flexible octree-based storage format for point cloud data. The data is organized in such a way that the data can be reasonably streamed over the internet, pulling only the points you need. EPT files can be queried to return a subset of the points that give you a representation of the area. As you zoom further in, you are requesting higher and higher densities. A dataset in EPT will contain a lot of files, however, the ept.json file describes all the rest. The EPT file can be used in Potree and QGIS to view the point cloud.
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/10424/supplemental/AK_Communities_2024_NIR_lidar_Report_REVISED_08062024.pdf
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                        name:  Lidar Report
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/10424/breaklines/index.html
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/lidar/viewer/v/noaapotree.html?r=https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/entwine/geoid12b/10424/ept.json
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                        name:  NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Data Access Viewer (DAV)
                        description:  The Data Access Viewer (DAV) allows a user to search for and download elevation, imagery, and land cover data for the coastal U.S. and its territories. The data, hosted by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, can be customized and requested for free download through a checkout interface. An email provides a link to the customized data, while the original data set is available through a link within the viewer.
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        abstract:  Original Product: Hydroflattened Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data covering the NOAA AK Coastal Communities 2023 project area. Original Geographic Extent: This dataset and derived products encompass six areas in southwest Alaska, covering approximately 183,738 acres. Original Dataset Description: Lidar flight line swaths were processed to create 1,611 classified LAS 1.4 files delineated in 750m x 750m tiles tiles. Each LAS file contains lidar point information, which has been calibrated, controlled, and classified. Class 2 (ground) lidar points in conjunction with the hydro breaklines were used to create 1,611 - 0.5 meter hydro-flattened Raster DEMs delineated in 750m x 750m tiles tiles. Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) was assessed using 124 check points located on bare earth in clear, unobstructed areas. Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA) was assessed using 37 check points in Tall Grass, Forest, and Shrub landcover types. Additional products include classified LAS files, intensity images, maximum surface height rasters, and 3D breaklines of rivers and lakes within the study area. Ground Condition: Ground conditions were free of snow and acquisition occurred free of smoke, fog and cloud cover.
        purpose:  The purpose of the lidar data was to produce a high accuracy 3D dataset that meets all necessary standards laid out by the 3D Elevation Program and the NOAA AK Communities 2023 contract. The lidar point cloud data were used to create classified lidar LAZ files, intensity images, hydro-flattened DEMs, highest hit DSMs, and 3D breaklines of rivers and lakes within the study area.
        credit:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM), NV5 Geospatial
        status:  (MD_ProgressCode) completed
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
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                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
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                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
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                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION > DIGITAL ELEVATION/TERRAIN MODEL (DEM)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
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            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > ALASKA
            keyword:  VERTICAL LOCATION > LAND SURFACE
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            keyword:  DOC/NOAA/NOS/OCM > Office of Coastal Management, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
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                    date:  2017-04-24
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            otherConstraints:  Cite As: Office for Coastal Management, [Date of Access]: 2023 NOAA Lidar DEM: AK Coastal Communties (Dillingham/Aleknagik, Ekuk, Ekwok, Koliganek, Manokotak, New Stuyahok) [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/77586.
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            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
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              Anchor:  Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication To the extent possible under law, the U.S. Government has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to this dataset.
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            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: None
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            otherConstraints:  Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.
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            otherConstraints:  Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners.
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                title:  2023 NOAA Lidar: AK Coastal Communities (Dillingham/Aleknagik, Ekuk, Ekwok, Koliganek, Manokotak, New Stuyahok)
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                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
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                    code:  77581
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                            linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/ocm/dmp/pdf/77586.pdf
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        spatialRepresentationType:  (MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode) grid
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        environmentDescription:  LiDAR Mapping Suite 2.4, Applanix PosPac 7.1, Microstation CONNECT version, TerraScan Version 20, TerraModeler Version 20, TerraMatch Version 20, ESRI ArcGIS 10.3, Windows 10 Operating System
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                westBoundLongitude:  -158.86
                eastBoundLongitude:  -158.42
                southBoundLatitude:  58.98
                northBoundLatitude:  59.37
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                    code:  Dillingham/Aleknagik collection area
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                southBoundLatitude:  58.77
                northBoundLatitude:  58.96
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                    code:  Ekuk collection area
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                    code:  New Stuyahok collection area
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                westBoundLongitude:  -157.53
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                southBoundLatitude:  59.32
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                    code:  Ekwok collection area
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                southBoundLatitude:  59.68
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                    code:  Koliganek collection area
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                westBoundLongitude:  -159.09
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                    code:  Manokotak collection area
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                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:  Date of collection for Mankotak | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2023-08-22
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                    description:  Date of collection for Ekuk | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2023-09-17
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                    description:  Dates of collection for Dillingham/Aleknagik | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    beginPosition:  2023-09-17
                    endPosition:  2023-09-18
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                    description:  Date of collection for Dillingham/Aleknagik | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2023-09-04
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                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:  Date of collection for Koliganek | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2023-08-22
        supplementalInformation:  Raster File Type = TIFF Bit Depth/Pixel Type = 32-bit float Raster Cell Size = 0.5 meter Interpolation or Resampling Technique = Triangulated Irregular Network Required Vertical Accuracy = 19.6 cm NVA
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                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Horizontal Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Lidar horizontal accuracy is a function of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) derived positional error, flying altitude, and INS derived attitude error. The obtained RMSEr value is multiplied by a conversion factor of 1.7308 to yield the horizontal component of the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) reporting standard where a theoretical point will fall within the obtained radius 95 percent of the time. Based on a flying altitude of 2478 meters, an IMU error of 0.015 decimal degrees, and a GNSS positional error of 0.027 meters, this project was produced to meet 2.009 m horizontal accuracy at the 95% confidence level (1.161 m RMSEr).
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  This data set was produced to meet ASPRS Positional Accuracy Standard for Digital Geospatial Data (2014) for a 10-cm RMSEz Vertical Accuracy Class. The specifications require that classified Non-vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) be computed from the derived DEMs. The NVA was tested with 124 independent check points located in open terrain and distributed throughout the project as feasible. These check points were not used in the calibration or post processing of the lidar point cloud data. Specifications for this project require that the NVA be 0.196 meters or better AccuracyZ at 95% confidence level. Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA) is also to be computed from the derived DEMS. The VVA was tested with 37 check points in Tall Grass, Forest, and Shrub land cover types. These check points were also withheld from the calibration and post processing of the lidar point cloud data and distributed throughout the project area as feasible. Specifications for this project require that the VVA be 0.300 meters or better AccuracyZ at the 95th percentile. The 124 independent NVA check points were surveyed using the closed level loop technique. Elevations of the derived bare earth DEMs were compared to the elevation values of the surveyed NVA check points. The RMSE was computed to be 0.049 meters resulting in an AccuracyZ of 0.096 meters at the 95% confidence level. NVA AccuracyZ has been tested and meets the required 0.196 meter NVA at 95% confidence level using (RMSEz * 1.9600) for the derived bare earth DEMs as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) and herein reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. The 37 VVA check points were surveyed using the closed level loop technique. Elevations for these points were compared to the elevations of the derived bare earth DEMs resulting in an AccuracyZ of 0.424 meters at the 95th percentile. AccuracyZ has been tested on the derived bare earth DEMs and meets the required 0.300 meter VVA using the 95th percentile of the absolute value of all vertical errors in all combined vegetation classes as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); and herein reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Report
            evaluationMethodDescription:  A visual qualitative assessment was performed to ensure data completeness. No void areas or missing data exist. The raw point cloud is of good quality and data passes Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy specifications.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
            nameOfMeasure:  Conceptual Consistency
            evaluationMethodDescription:  DEM files were tested by NV5 for vertical accuracy. All data is seamless from one tile to the next, no gaps or no data areas.
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement:  This data was collected by NV5 Geospatial for the NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM).
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Lidar Pre-Processing: 1. Review flight lines and data to ensure complete coverage of the study area and positional accuracy of the laser points. 2. Resolve kinematic corrections for aircraft position data using kinematic aircraft GPS and static ground GPS data. 3. Develop a smoothed best estimate of trajectory (SBET) file that blends post-processed aircraft position with sensor head position and attitude recorded throughout the survey. 4. Calculate laser point position by associating SBET position to each laser point return time, scan angle, intensity, etc. Create raw laser point cloud data for the entire survey in *.las format. Convert data to orthometric elevations by applying a Geoid 12b correction. 5. Import raw laser points into manageable blocks to perform manual relative accuracy calibration and filter erroneous points. Classify ground points for individual flight lines. 6. Using ground classified points per each flight line, test the relative accuracy. Perform automated line-to-line calibrations for system attitude parameters (pitch, roll, heading), mirror flex (scale) and GPS/IMU drift. Calculate calibrations on ground classified points from paired flight lines and apply results to all points in a flight line. Use every flight line for relative accuracy calibration. 7. Adjust the point cloud by comparing ground classified points to supplemental ground control points.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2024-04-04T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Lidar Post-Processing: 1. Classify data to ground and other client designated classifications using proprietary classification algorithms. 2. Manually QC data classification 3. After completion of classification and final QC approval, calculate final NVA, VVA, and density information for the project using ground control quality check points.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2024-04-04T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Hydro-flattening Breaklines and Hydro-flattened DEM creation: Water boundary polygons were developed using an algorithm which weights lidar-derived slopes, intensities, and return densities to detect the water's edge. The water's edge was then manually reviewed and edited as necessary. Elevations were assigned to the water's edge through neighborhood statistics identifying the lowest lidar return from the water surface. Lakes were assigned a consistent elevation for an entire polygon while rivers were assigned consistent elevations on opposing banks and smoothed to ensure downstream flow through the entire river channel. These breaklines were incorporated into the hydro-flattened DEM by enforcing triangle edges (adjacent to the breakline) to the elevation values derived from the breakline. This implementation corrected interpolation along the hard edge. Breaklines were also used to classify all ground points within the identified water bodies to class 9 (water).
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2024-04-04T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) received 1611 GeoTIFF files from NV5 Geospatial. The files were in UTM Zone 4N NAD83(2011) meters coordinates and the elevations were in NAVD88 (GEOID12B) meters. The bare earth raster files were at a 0.5 meter grid spacing. OCM assigned the appropriate EPSG codes (Horiz - 6333, Vert -5703) and copied the raster files to AWS S3 for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-08-27T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                            voice:  (843) 740-1202
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            source:  (LI_Source)
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  NOAA OCM Lidar
                    date: (missing)
                    citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                        organisationName:  NOAA OCM
                        role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator