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2023-2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar DEM: Virginia Rivers
 (MI_Metadata)
    fileIdentifier:  gov.noaa.nmfs.inport:79283
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      LanguageCode:  eng
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    hierarchyLevel:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
    hierarchyLevelName:  Elevation
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        organisationName:  National Geodetic Survey
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            address:  (CI_Address)
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        organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
        contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
            phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                voice:  (843) 740-1202
            address:  (CI_Address)
                deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                city:  Charleston
                administrativeArea:  SC
                postalCode:  29405-2413
                country: (missing)
                electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
            onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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        role:  (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
    dateStamp:
      DateTime:  2026-03-04T19:17:17
    metadataStandardName:  ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data
    metadataStandardVersion:  ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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    referenceSystemInfo:  (MD_ReferenceSystem)
        referenceSystemIdentifier:  (RS_Identifier)
            code:  EPSG::6346
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    identificationInfo:  (MD_DataIdentification)
        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2023-2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar DEM: Virginia Rivers
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2026
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) creation
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date: (missing)
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                authority:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                    date: (inapplicable)
                code:
                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 79283
            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName: (inapplicable)
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/79283
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Full Metadata Record
                        description:  View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset.
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            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  National Geodetic Survey
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice: (missing)
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        deliveryPoint:  1315 East-West Hwy
                        city:  Silver Spring
                        administrativeArea:  MD
                        postalCode:  20910
                        country: (missing)
                        electronicMailAddress: (missing)
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://geodesy.noaa.gov/
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  National Geodetic Survey Website
                        description:  Website listed for National Geodetic Survey
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                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/10273/supplemental/NOAA_NY_Long_Island_Topobathymetric_Lidar_Imagery_Report_Final.pdf
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Topobathy Lidar Data Report
                        description:  Topobathy Lidar Data Report
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                role: (inapplicable)
            presentationForm: (unknown)
        abstract:  These data were collected by Dewberry using a CZMIL Super Nova system. The data were acquired from 20231018 through 20241127. The data include topobathy data in LAS 1.4 format classified as unclassified (1); ground (2); low noise (7); bridge deck (17); high noise (18); bathymetric bottom (40); water surface (41); derived water surface (42); submerged object (43); and water column (45) in accordance with project specifications. The project consists of approximately 195 square miles of data along the shores the Roanoke, Rappahannock, Shenandoah, Appomattox and James Rivers and contains 272 5,000 m x 5,000 m DEM tiles.
        purpose:  The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Remote Sensing Division (RSD) Coastal Mapping Program (CMP) requires the collection of airborne topographic/bathymetric Light Detection and Ranging (lidar) and digital camera imagery data to enable accurate and consistent measurement of the national shoreline.
        credit:  We request that you credit the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) when you use these data in a report, publication, or presentation.
        status:  (MD_ProgressCode) completed
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
        resourceMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
            maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) notPlanned
        graphicOverview:  (MD_BrowseGraphic)
            fileName: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/10228/supplemental/extent_ngs_chesapeake_va_2022_m10228.kmz
            fileDescription:  This graphic shows the lidar footprint for this dataset.
            fileType:  kmz
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > BIOSPHERE > ECOSYSTEMS > FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS > RIVERS/STREAM
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION > TOPOGRAPHICAL RELIEF MAPS
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  17.0
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > ARKANSAS
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  20.8
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  17.2
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Airplane > Airplane
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) platform
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  17.2
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  DOC/NOAA/NOS/NGS > National Geodetic Survey, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataCentre
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2017-04-24
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                edition:  8.5
                citedResponsibleParty:  GCMD Landing Page
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  NGS Lidar
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) project
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  InPort
                date: (inapplicable)
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Cite As: National Geodetic Survey, [Date of Access]: 2023-2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar DEM: Virginia Rivers [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/79283.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) license
            otherConstraints:
              Anchor:  CC0-1.0 These data were produced by NOAA and are not subject to copyright protection in the United States. NOAA waives any potential copyright and related rights in these data worldwide through the Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication (CC0-1.0).
            otherConstraints:
              Anchor:  CC0-1.0 SPDX License: Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal (CC0-1.0)
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            accessConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: None
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Data set is not for use in litigation.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useLimitation:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the National Geodetic Survey, the Office for Coastal Management, or its partners.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_SecurityConstraints)
            classification:  (MD_ClassificationCode) unclassified
            classificationSystem: (missing)
            handlingDescription: (missing)
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  2023-2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar: Virginia Rivers
                date: (unknown)
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  79282
            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                date: (unknown)
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  79283
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName: (inapplicable)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/ngs/dmp/pdf/79283.pdf
                            protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                            name:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                            description:  NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort.
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                    role: (inapplicable)
            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        environmentDescription:  OS Independent
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -80.02
                eastBoundLongitude:  -77.08
                southBoundLatitude:  36.34
                northBoundLatitude:  39.36
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    beginPosition:  2023-10-18
                    endPosition:  2024-11-27
        supplementalInformation:  The full workflow used for this project is found in the final project report submitted to NOAA.
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    distributionInfo:  (MD_Distribution)
        distributionFormat:  (MD_Format)
            name:  ZIP
            version: (missing)
            fileDecompressionTechnique:  Zip
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            name:  GeoTIFF
            version: (missing)
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            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice:  (843) 740-1202
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                        city:  Charleston
                        administrativeArea:  SC
                        postalCode:  29405-2413
                        country: (missing)
                        electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                        description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                role:  (CI_RoleCode) distributor
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=13999
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Customized Download
                description:  Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/dem/NGS_VirginiaRivers_Topobathy_2023_13999/index.html
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Simple download of data files.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  HORIZONTAL ACCURACY - Only checkpoints photo-identifiable in the intensity imagery can be used to test the horizontal accuracy of the lidar. Photo-identifiable checkpoints in intensity imagery typically include checkpoints located at the ends of paint stripes on concrete or asphalt surfaces or checkpoints located at 90 degree corners of different reflectivity, e.g. a sidewalk corner adjoining a grass surface. The xy coordinates of checkpoints, as defined in the intensity imagery, are compared to surveyed xy coordinates for each photo-identifiable checkpoint. These differences are used to compute the tested horizontal accuracy of the lidar. As not all projects contain photo-identifiable checkpoints, the horizontal accuracy of the lidar cannot always be tested. VERTICAL ACCURACY - Lidar vendors calibrate their lidar systems during installation of the system and then again for every project acquired. Typical calibrations include cross flights that capture features from multiple directions that allow adjustments to be performed so that the captured features are consistent between all swaths and cross flights from all directions.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Analytical Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  VERTICAL ACCURACY - Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) is a measure of the accuracy of lidar point data in open areas (classified LAS) with level slope (less than 20 degrees) where the lidar system has a high probability of measuring the ground surface and is evaluated at the 95% confidence interval (1.96*RMSEz).
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Horizontal Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  This data set was produced to meet ASPRS Positional Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data (2014) for a 41 cm RMSEx/RMSEy Horizontal Accuracy Class which equates to Positional Horizontal Accuracy = +/- 1 meter at a 95% confidence level.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  NVA accuracy was found to be RMSEz = 2.9 cm, equating to +/- 5.6 cm at the 95% confidence level. VVA accuracy was found to be +/- 24.2 cm at the 95% confidence level. Bathymetric accuracy was found to be RMSEz = 12.0 cm, equating to +/- 23.4 cm at the 95% confidence level. Please refer to the NOAA VA Riverine Report for more details.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ThematicClassificationCorrectness)
            nameOfMeasure:  Comparability
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The interim vertical accuracy of the classified lidar will be tested by Dewberry with 70 independent survey checkpoints. The survey checkpoints are evenly distributed throughout the project area and are located in areas of non-vegetated terrain, including bare earth, open terrain, and urban terrain (23); vegetated terrain, including forest, brush, tall weeds, crops, and high grass (14); and submerged bottom areas (11). The vertical accuracy is tested by comparing survey checkpoints to a triangulated irregular network (TIN) that is created from the lidar ground and submerged bottom points. Checkpoints are always compared to interpolated surfaces created from the lidar point cloud because it is unlikely that a survey checkpoint will be located at the precise location of a discrete lidar point.
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement: (missing)
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Data were processed to an initial LAS format using Teledyne CARIS software. CARIS was also utilized for GPS and inertial processing, and Terrasolid and LAStools were used for data visualization, 3D editing, and export to final LAS/LAZ. Data were processed using NAD83(2011) horizontal and vertical datums. The data are in UTM Zone 17 coordinates and ellipsoid elevations in meters. The data classifications are: unclassified (1); ground (2); noise (7); bridge deck (17); high noise (18); bathymetric bottom (40); water surface (41); derived water surface (42); submerged object (43); and water column (45) in accordance with project specifications.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2024-05-29T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The boresight for each lift was done individually as the solution may change slightly from lift to lift. The initial points for each mission calibration were inspected for flight line errors, flight line overlap, slivers or gaps in the data, point data minimums, or issues with the lidar unit or GPS. Roll, pitch and scanner scale were optimized during the calibration process until the relative accuracy was met. Dewberry utilized Bayesmap StripAlign for this alignment procedure. This alignment procedure corrected systematic issues globally, per aircraft lift, per flightline, and finally based on local errors along the flight trajectory. Error adjustments included internal sensor parameters. Due to the complex geometric relationship of the elliptical scan pattern the forward and reverse directions must be aligned independently. Additionally, since the green and NIR scanner map different surfaces, they were also aligned independently, then corrected to match each other. Difference rasters (DZ orthos) were generated, adjustment parameters were reviewed, and registration/match regions were reviewed to ensure data quality. A final vertical accuracy check of the boresighted flight lines was completed against the surveyed check points after the z correction to ensure the requirement of NVA = 19.6 cm 95% Confidence Level was met. Point classification was performed according to USGS Lidar Base Specification 2.1. Bare earth DEMs were exported from the classified point cloud. Synthetic points generated by CZMIL refraction correction algorithms are present in this dataset. Please see the final project report for more details on the synthetic points
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2024-06-06T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Dewberry used algorithms in TerraScan to create the initial ground/submerged topography surface. Dewberry used rasterized aggregate extents of refracted points to create automated 2-D breaklines with LAStools and ArcGIS. Light travels at different speeds in air versus water and its speed and direction of travel change when it enters the water column. The refraction correction process accounts for this difference by adjusting the depth (distance traveled) and horizontal position (change of angle/direction) of the lidar points acquired within water. These breaklines delineate areas where the refraction correction was applied to the lidar data by CZMIL's automated refraction correction software based on the software's detection of water. The class 42 synthetic surface is generated by the software as a reference surface from which to perform the correction. Dewberry used the 2-D refraction extents and additional bathy features to classify the bathymetric bottom and ground points properly in TerraScan. Synthetically generated class 42 (synthetic water surface) points were flagged using the synthetic bit. The withheld bit was set on class 7 and class 18 in TerraScan after all classification was complete. All lidar data was peer-reviewed. Dewberry's QAQC also included creating void polygons for use during review. All necessary edits were applied to the dataset. LASTools software was used to update LAS header information, including all projection and coordinate reference system information. The final lidar data are in LAS format 1.4 and point data record format 6. All data was then verified by an Independent QC department within Dewberry. The independent QC was performed by separate analysts who did not perform manual classification or editing. The independent QC involved quantitative and qualitative reviews.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-05-16T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Digital elevation models were created using only ground (2) and submerged topography (40) lidar point data. A triangulated irregular network (TIN) was generated from these data and rasterized at a 1 m spatial resolution using the LAStools 'blast2dem' utility. Void polygons delineating areas of extremely sparse or non-existent bathymetric coverage were used in ArcGIS to clip large areas of interpolation in the DEM. DEMs were reviewed using Global Mapper and ArcGIS to check for surface anomalies, incorrect elevations, and unacceptable voids in the data.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-05-22T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            source:  (LI_Source)
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Acquisition and Processing
                    date: (missing)
                    citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                        organisationName:  Dewberry
                        role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator