spatialRepresentationInfo
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2021 AK DGGS Lidar: Kwigillingok, AK
 (MI_Metadata)
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      LanguageCode:  eng
    characterSet:  (MD_CharacterSetCode) UTF8
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    hierarchyLevelName:  Elevation
    contact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
        organisationName:  OCM Partners
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            phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                voice: (missing)
            address:  (CI_Address)
        role:  (CI_RoleCode) resourceProvider
    contact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
        organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
        contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
            phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                voice:  (843) 740-1202
            address:  (CI_Address)
                deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                city:  Charleston
                administrativeArea:  SC
                postalCode:  29405-2413
                country: (missing)
                electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
            onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
        role:  (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
    dateStamp:
      DateTime:  2024-03-06T19:48:26
    metadataStandardName:  ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data
    metadataStandardVersion:  ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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    spatialRepresentationInfo:  (MD_VectorSpatialRepresentation)
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        geometricObjects:  (MD_GeometricObjects)
            geometricObjectType:  (MD_GeometricObjectTypeCode) point
            geometricObjectCount:  367870501
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    referenceSystemInfo:  (MD_ReferenceSystem)
        referenceSystemIdentifier:  (RS_Identifier)
            authority:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  NAD83(2011)
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                    date:  2008-11-12
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  European Petroleum Survey Group
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
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                    role: (missing)
            code:  urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:6318
            version:  6.18.3
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        referenceSystemIdentifier:  (RS_Identifier)
            authority:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID12B) meters
                alternateTitle:  North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID12B) meters
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                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://apps.epsg.org/api/v1/VerticalCoordRefSystem/5703/?api_key=gml
                            name:  North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID12B) meters
                            description:  Link to Geographic Markup Language (GML) description of reference system.
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                    organisationName:  European Petroleum Survey Group
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
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                            linkage: https://www.epsg.org/
                            name:  European Petroleum Survey Group Geodetic Parameter Registry
                            description:  Registry that accesses the EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset, which is a structured dataset of Coordinate Reference Systems and Coordinate Transformations.
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) search
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                  metaDataProperty:
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                  name:  Vertical CS. Axis: height (H). Orientation: up. UoM: meter.
                  remarks:  Used in vertical coordinate reference systems.
                  axis:
                    CoordinateSystemAxis:
                      descriptionReference:  urn:ogc:def:axis-name:EPSG::9904
                      identifier:  urn:ogc:def:axis:EPSG::114
                      axisAbbrev:  H
                      axisDirection:  up
            code:  urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::5703
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    identificationInfo:  (MD_DataIdentification)
        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2021 AK DGGS Lidar: Kwigillingok, AK
            alternateTitle:  ak2021_kwig_m10078_metadata
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2021-08-18
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) creation
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2023
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                authority:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                    date: (inapplicable)
                code:
                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 72179
            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName: (inapplicable)
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/72179
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Full Metadata Record
                        description:  View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset.
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                organisationName: (inapplicable)
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=10079/details/10079
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Custom DEM Download
                        description:  Link to custom download, from the Data Access Viewer (DAV), the raster Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data that were created from this lidar data set.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                role: (inapplicable)
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                organisationName: (inapplicable)
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://dggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/dggs/rdf/text/rdf2023_019.pdf
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Lidar Report
                        description:  Link to the lidar report.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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            citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName: (inapplicable)
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Data Access Viewer (DAV)
                        description:  The Data Access Viewer (DAV) allows a user to search for and download elevation, imagery, and land cover data for the coastal U.S. and its territories. The data, hosted by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, can be customized and requested for free download through a checkout interface. An email provides a link to the customized data, while the original data set is available through a link within the viewer.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                role: (inapplicable)
            presentationForm: (unknown)
        abstract:  Lidar-derived elevation data for Kwigillingok, Southwest Alaska, collected August 18, 2021, Raw Data File 2023-19, provides aerial lidar derived classified point cloud, digital surface model (DSM), digital terrain model (DTM), and intensity model of Kwigillingok, Southwest Alaska (cover figure) during leaf-on ground conditions. The survey provides snow-free surface elevation data for assessing coastal erosion and flooding hazards. Ground control data and aerial lidar data were collected on August 18, 2021, and subsequently processed using a suite of geospatial processing software. This data collection is released as a Raw Data File with an open end-user license. All files can be downloaded from the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys website (http://doi.org/10.14509/31035). This metadata record supports the data entry in the NOAA Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV). The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded laz point data files from the AK DGGS (Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys) website (https://dggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/data/rdf2023_019_kwigillingok-lidar-classified_points.zip). The data were processed to the NOAA Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV) to make the data available for bulk and custom downloads. In addition to these lidar point data, the bare earth Digital Elevation Models (DEM) created from the lidar point data are also available. These data are available for custom download at the link provided in the URL section of this metadata record. This data set is an LAZ (compressed LAS) format file containing LIDAR point cloud data.
        purpose:  The survey provides snow-free surface elevation data for assessing coastal erosion and flooding hazards.
        credit:  This survey area is on the traditional homelands of the Yup'ik people. These data products were funded by the National Coastal Resilience Fund and collected and processed by DGGS. We thank Clearwater Air for their aviation expertise and contribution to these data products. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government., Zechmann, J.M. Herbst, A.M. Buzard, R.M. The custom download may be cited as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Digital Coast Data Access Viewer. Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Accessed Mar 06, 2024 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
        status:  (MD_ProgressCode) completed
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
        resourceMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
            maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) notPlanned
        graphicOverview:  (MD_BrowseGraphic)
            fileName: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/10078/supplemental/ak2021_kwigillingok_m10078.kmz
            fileDescription:  This graphic displays the footprint for this lidar data set.
            fileType:  KML
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  17.0
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > ALASKA
            keyword:  VERTICAL LOCATION > LAND SURFACE
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  17.0
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  17.2
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Airplane > Airplane
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) platform
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  17.2
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Kwigillingok
            keyword:  Kwigillingok River
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
                date: (missing)
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Lidar - partner (no harvest)
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) project
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  InPort
                date: (inapplicable)
        resourceSpecificUsage:  (MD_Usage)
            specificUsage: (missing)
            userDeterminedLimitations:  There are points that fall on ponds/lakes and streams/rivers that are classified as ground.
            userContactInfo:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                individualName:
                role:  (CI_RoleCode) user
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Cite As: OCM Partners, [Date of Access]: 2021 AK DGGS Lidar: Kwigillingok, AK [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/72179.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            accessConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: None
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Use Constraints: The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useLimitation:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Distribution Liability: The State of Alaska makes no expressed or implied warranties (including warranties for merchantability and fitness) with respect to the character, functions, or capabilities of the electronic data or products or their appropriateness for any user's purposes. In no event will the State of Alaska be liable for any incidental, indirect, special, consequential, or other damages suffered by the user or any other person or entity whether from the use of the electronic services or products or any failure thereof or otherwise. In no event will the State of Alaska's liability to the Requestor or anyone else exceed the fee paid for the electronic service or product. Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_SecurityConstraints)
            classification:  (MD_ClassificationCode) unclassified
            classificationSystem: (missing)
            handlingDescription: (missing)
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  2021 AK DGGS Lidar DEM: Kwigillingok, AK
                date: (unknown)
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  72183
            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                date: (unknown)
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  72179
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName: (inapplicable)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/ocmp/dmp/pdf/72179.pdf
                            protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                            name:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                            description:  NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort.
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                    role: (inapplicable)
            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        spatialRepresentationType:  (MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode) vector
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -163.202232
                eastBoundLongitude:  -163.105069
                southBoundLatitude:  59.835677
                northBoundLatitude:  59.899162
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2021-08-18
        supplementalInformation:  >boundaries: A boundary, also known as an Area of Interest (AOI) or border, that defines the area covered by the data. >classified_points: Classified point cloud data are provided in compressed LAZ format. Data are classified following ASPRS 2019 guidelines and contain return and intensity information. The average ground point spacing is 37.6 cm, and the average density is 7.09 pts/m2. >dsm: The DSM represents surface elevations, including heights of vegetation, buildings, powerlines, etc. The DSM is a single-band, 32-bit GeoTIFF file of 50-centimeter resolution. No Data value is set to -3.40282306074e+38 (32-bit, floating-point minimum). >dtm: The DTM represents bare earth elevations, excluding vegetation, bridges, buildings, etc. The DTM is a single-band, 32-bit float GeoTIFF file of 50-centimeter resolution. No Data value is set to -3.40282306074e+38. >lidar_intensity: The lidar intensity image depicts the relative amplitude of reflected signals contributing to the point cloud. Lidar intensity is primarily a function of scanned object reflectance in relation to the signal frequency, is dependent on ambient conditions, and is not necessarily consistent between separate scans. The intensity image is a single-band, 32-bit float GeoTIFF file of 1-meter resolution. No Data value is set to -3.40282306074e+38.
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    distributionInfo:  (MD_Distribution)
        distributionFormat:  (MD_Format)
            name: (inapplicable)
            version: (missing)
            fileDecompressionTechnique:  Zip
        distributionFormat:  (MD_Format)
            name:  LAS/LAZ - LASer
            version: (missing)
            fileDecompressionTechnique:  LAZ
        distributor:  (MD_Distributor)
            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice:  (843) 740-1202
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                        city:  Charleston
                        administrativeArea:  SC
                        postalCode:  29405-2413
                        country: (missing)
                        electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                        description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                role:  (CI_RoleCode) distributor
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=10078/details/10078
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Customized Download
                description:  Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc. A new metadata will be produced to reflect your request using this record as a base. Change to an orthometric vertical datum is one of the many options.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/10078/index.html
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Bulk download of data files in LAZ format, geographic coordinates, orthometric heights. Note that the vertical datum (hence elevations) of the files here are different than described in this document. They will be in an orthometric datum.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Horizontal Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  We did not measure horizontal accuracy for this collection.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  We measured a mean offset of -22.3 cm between 58 control points and the point cloud. We reduced this offset to -5.5 cm by performing a vertical transformation of the lidar point data. We used six checkpoints to determine the non-vegetated vertical accuracy (NVA) of the point cloud ground class using a Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN) approach. We calculated the project NVA to have a root mean square error (RMSE) of 7.2 cm. We evaluated the relative accuracy for this dataset as the interswath overlap consistency and measured it at 6.1 cm RMSE.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Report
            evaluationMethodDescription:  This data relaease is complete.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
            nameOfMeasure:  Conceptual Consistency
            evaluationMethodDescription:  This is a full-release dataset. There was no over-collect except for aircraft turns that were eliminated from the dataset. The data quality is consistent throughout the survey.
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement:  Data were collected by the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (AK DGGS). The data were downloaded by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) and processed to make it available for custom download from the NOAA Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV) and for bulk download from AWS S3.
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Ground survey - We collected ground control and checkpoints on August 18, 2021. We deployed a Trimble R10 GNSS receiver with Zephyr-2 antenna at a benchmark near the Kwigillingok Airport. It provided a base station occupation and real-time kinematic (RTK) corrections to points we surveyed with a rover Trimble R8 GNSS receiver (internal antenna). We collected 58 ground control and checkpoints to use for calibration and to assess the vertical accuracy of the point cloud. All points were collected on bare earth surfaces. We processed and delivered all data in NAD83 (2011) UTM3N and vertical datum NAVD88 GEOID12B.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2021-08-18T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Aerial photogrammetric survey - DGGS used a Riegl VUX1-LR laser scanner integrated with a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and Northrop Grumman LN-200C inertial measurement unit (IMU). The lidar integration system was designed by Phoenix LiDAR Systems. The sensor can collect up to 820,000 points per second at a range of up to 150 m. The scanner operated with a pulse refresh rate of 400,000 pulses per second at a scan rate of 200 lines per second. We used a Cessna 180 fixed-wing platform to survey from an elevation of ~200 m above ground level, at a ground speed of ~40 m/s, and with a scan angle set from 80 to 280 degrees. The total survey area covers ~21 km2. We flew the aerial survey on August 18, 2021, departing at 5:20 pm from Kwigillingok, Alaska Airport, and landing back at Kwigillingok at 6:10 pm. The weather throughout the survey was clear with no wind.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2021-08-18T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Lidar dataset processing - We processed point data in SDCimport software for initial filtering and multiple-time-around (MTA) disambiguation. MTA errors, corrected in this process, result from ambiguous interpretations of received pulse time intervals and occur more frequently with higher pulse refresh rates. We processed IMU and GNSS data in Inertial Explorer, and we used Spatial Explorer software to integrate flightline information with the point cloud. We calibrated the point data at an incrementally precise scale of sensor movement and behavior, incorporating sensor velocity, roll, pitch, and yaw fluctuations throughout the survey. We created macros in Terrasolid software and classified points following American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) 2019 guidelines. Once classified, we applied a geometric transformation and converted the points from ellipsoidal heights to GEOID12B (Alaska) orthometric heights. We used ArcGIS Pro to derive raster products from the point cloud. The DSM was interpolated from maximum return values from the ground, vegetation, bridge deck, and building classes using a binning method. The DTM was interpolated from all ground class returns also using a binning method and minimum values. In ArcGIS Pro, we produced an intensity image by binning and averaging ground, vegetation, building, and bridge deck classes.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2022-01-01T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded 37 laz point data files from the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (AK DGGS). The data were in UTM Zone 3 (NAD83 2011), meters coordinates and NAVD88 (Geoid12b) elevations in meters. The data were classified as: 1 - Unclassified, 2 - Ground, 3 - Low Vegetation (0.05 - 0.2 m), 4 - Medium Vegetation (0.2 - 3 m), 5 - High Vegetation (3 - 40 m), 6 - Building, 7 - Low Noise, 17 - Bridge Decks, 18 - High Noise. There were also points that were classified as 19 and 20 that were not listed in either the lidar report or in the provided metadata. These points were assumed to be High Noise by OCM and that was confirmed by AK DGGS. OCM re-classified the Class 19 and 20 points to Class 18 (High Noise). Also noted was that there are points that fall on ponds/lakes and streams/rivers that are classified as ground. OCM processed all classifications of points to the Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV), the classes available on the DAV are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 17,18. OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes: 1. Internal OCM scripts were run to check the number of points by classification and by flight ID and the gps, elevation, and intensity ranges. 2. Internal OCM scripts were run on the laz files to: a. Reclassify the Class 19 and 20 points to 18 (High Noise) b. Convert from orthometric (NAVD88) elevations to NAD83 (2011) ellipsoid elevations using the Geoid12b model c. Convert the laz files from UTM Zone 3 (NAD83 2011), meters coordinates to geographic coordinates d. Assign the geokeys, sort the data by gps time and zip the data to database and to AWS S3.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2024-03-06T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  Office for Coastal Management
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            source:  (LI_Source)
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Data Download from AK DGGS
                    date: (missing)
                    citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                        organisationName:  Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys (DGGS)
                        contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                            onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                                linkage: https://dggs.alaska.gov/webpubs/data/rdf2023_019_kwigillingok-lidar-classified_points.zip
                                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                                name:  Download zipfile for the 2021 AK DGGS Kwigillingok, AK lidar
                                description:  Source Citation URL
                                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                        role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:   The vertical values in this data set have been converted to reference North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID12B) meters, using the GEOID12B grids provided by the National Geodetic Survey. Any datum and projection transformations were then done with the Office for Coastal Management 'datum_shift' program. Compression to an LAZ file was done with the LAStools 'laszip' program and can be unzipped with the same free program (laszip.org) Processing notes:
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2024-03-06T15:01:13
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    individualName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor