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2003 Oahu Coastline Lidar
 (MI_Metadata)
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        organisationName:  Office for Coastal Management
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                voice:  (843) 740-1202
            address:  (CI_Address)
                deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                city:  Charleston
                administrativeArea:  SC
                postalCode:  29405-2413
                country: (missing)
                electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
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    dateStamp:
      DateTime:  2022-08-09T17:11:33
    metadataStandardName:  ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata Part 2 Extensions for imagery and gridded data
    metadataStandardVersion:  ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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                  title:  NAD83(HARN)
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                      date:  2008-11-12
                      dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                  citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                      organisationName:  European Petroleum Survey Group
                      contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
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              code:  urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:4152
              version:  6.18.3
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                  title:  GPS-derived orthometric height via GEOID model (GEOID12B) meters
                  alternateTitle:  GPS-derived orthometric height via GEOID model (GEOID12B) meters
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                              linkage: https://apps.epsg.org/api/v1/VerticalCoordRefSystem/5714/?api_key=gml
                              name:  GPS-derived orthometric height via GEOID model (GEOID12B) meters
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                              name:  European Petroleum Survey Group Geodetic Parameter Registry
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              code:  urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::5714
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    identificationInfo:  (MD_DataIdentification)
        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2003 Oahu Coastline Lidar
            alternateTitle:  hicoast2003_m25_metadata
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2006-10-18
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                authority:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                    date: (inapplicable)
                code:
                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 48188
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                organisationName: (inapplicable)
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
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                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/48188
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Full Metadata Record
                        description:  View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset.
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:   Citation URL
                        description:  Online Resource
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
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                        description:  Online Resource
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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        abstract:  LIDAR data is remotely sensed high-resolution elevation data collected by an airborne collection platform. Using a combination of laser rangefinding, GPS positioning and inertial measurement technologies; LIDAR instruments are able to make highly detailed Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of the earth's terrain, man-made structures and vegetation. This data was collected over a 100 meter swath of the Oahu, Hawaii coastline with a Leica ALS-40 Aerial Lidar Sensor. Multiple returns were recorded for each pulse in addition to an intensity value. Original contact information: Contact Org: NOAA Office for Coastal Management Phone: 843-740-1202 Email: coastal.info@noaa.gov This data set is an LAZ (compressed LAS) format file containing LIDAR point cloud data.
        purpose:  The purpose of this mapping project is to create and deliver digital terrain models (DTM), to support the environmental, social, and economic well being of the coast by linking people, information, and technology. The data will support the local Coastal Zone Managers in their decision-making processes.
        credit:  Office for Coastal Management The custom download may be cited as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Digital Coast Data Access Viewer. Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Accessed Jul 01, 2023 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
        status:  (MD_ProgressCode) completed
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
        resourceMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
            maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION > TOPOGRAPHICAL RELIEF MAPS
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  12.3
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > HAWAII
            keyword:  OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > CENTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN > HAWAIIAN ISLANDS > OAHU
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  12.3
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Hawaii
            keyword:  Honolulu
            keyword:  Oahu
            keyword:  US
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Geographic Names Information System
                date: (missing)
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  DOC/NOAA/NOS/OCM > Office of Coastal Management, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataCentre
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2017-04-24
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                edition:  8.5
                citedResponsibleParty:  GCMD Landing Page
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Lidar
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) project
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  InPort
                date: (inapplicable)
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Cite As: Office for Coastal Management, [Date of Access]: 2003 Oahu Coastline Lidar [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/48188.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            accessConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. | Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA or the Office for Coastal Management or its partners.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_SecurityConstraints)
            classification:  (MD_ClassificationCode) unclassified
            classificationSystem: (missing)
            handlingDescription: (missing)
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                date: (unknown)
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  48188
                citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName: (inapplicable)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/ocm/dmp/pdf/48188.pdf
                            protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                            name:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                            description:  NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort.
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                    role: (inapplicable)
            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        spatialRepresentationType:  (MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode) vector
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -158.282
                eastBoundLongitude:  -157.64879
                southBoundLatitude:  21.25025
                northBoundLatitude:  21.7284
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    beginPosition:  2003-10-21
                    endPosition:  2003-12-07
        supplementalInformation:  The 2003-2005 Hawaii Lidar Data Validation Report may be viewed at: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/25/supplemental/index.html
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    distributionInfo:  (MD_Distribution)
        distributor:  (MD_Distributor)
            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice:  (843) 740-1202
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                        city:  Charleston
                        administrativeArea:  SC
                        postalCode:  29405-2413
                        country: (missing)
                        electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                        description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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                role:  (CI_RoleCode) distributor
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=25
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Customized Download
                description:  Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/25/index.html
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Simple download of data files.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  1. Lidar data was collected and processed in accordance with FEMA guidance as published in Appendix A, February, 2002. 2. Lidar data at the interface between the land and ocean was collected (when possible) during periods when tides were predicted to be below mean lower low water based upon NOAA CO-OPS tide predictions for the nearest tidal station. 3. Lidar data accuracy is in accordance with the National Standard for Spatial Accuracy (NSSDA). When compared to 14 GPS static survey points in open non-vegetated areas, at least 95% of the positions have an error less than or equal to 28.8 cm (equivalent to root mean square error of 14.7 cm).
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Horizontal Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The lidar data fully comply with FEMA guidance as published in Appendix A, February, 2002.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The lidar data fully comply with FEMA guidance as published in Appendix A, February, 2002 and National Standard for Spatial Accuracy (NSSDA). When compared to 14 GPS static survey points in open non-vegetated areas, at least 95% of the positions have an error less than or equal to 28.8 cm (equivalent to root mean square error of 14.7 cm).
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Measure
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Cloud Cover: 0
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Report
            evaluationMethodDescription:  1. EarthData's proprietary software, Checkedb, for verification against ground survey points. 2. Terrascan, for verification of automated and manual editing and final QC of products.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
            nameOfMeasure:  Conceptual Consistency
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Compliance with the accuracy standard was ensured by the placement of GPS ground control prior to the acquisition of lidar data. The following checks were performed. 1. The ground control and airborne GPS data stream were validated through a fully analytical boresight adjustment. 2. The DTM (Digital Terrain Model) data were checked against the project control. 3. Lidar elevation data was validated through an inspection of edge matching and visual inspection for quality (artifact removal).
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement: (missing)
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  EarthData has developed a unique method for processing lidar data to identify and remove elevation points falling on vegetation, buildings, and other aboveground structures. The algorithms for filtering data were utilized within EarthData's proprietary software and commercial software written by TerraSolid. This software suite of tools provides efficient processing for small to large-scale, projects and has been incorporated into ISO 9001 compliant production work flows. The following is a step-by-step breakdown of the process. 1. Using the lidar data set provided by EarthData, the technician performs calibrations on the data set. 2. Using the lidar data set provided by EarthData, the technician performed a visual inspection of the data to verify that the flight lines overlap correctly. The technician also verified that there were no voids, and that the data covered the project limits. The technician then selected a series of areas from the data set and inspected them where adjacent flight lines overlapped. These overlapping areas were merged and a process which utilizes 3-D Analyst and EarthData's proprietary software was run to detect and color code the differences in elevation values and profiles. The technician reviewed these plots and located the areas that contained systematic errors or distortions that were introduced by the lidar sensor. 3. Systematic distortions highlighted in step 2 were removed and the data was re-inspected. Corrections and adjustments can involve the application of angular deflection or compensation for curvature of the ground surface that can be introduced by crossing from one type of land cover to another. 4. The lidar data for each flight line was trimmed in batch for the removal of the overlap areas between flight lines. The data was checked against a control network to ensure that vertical requirements were maintained. Conversion to the client-specified datum and projections were then completed. The lidar flight line data sets were then segmented into adjoining tiles for batch processing and data management. 5. The initial batch-processing run removed 95% of points falling on vegetation. The algorithm also removed the points that fell on the edge of hard features such as structures, elevated roadways and bridges. 6. The operator interactively processed the data using lidar editing tools. During this final phase the operator generated a TIN based on a desired thematic layer to evaluate the automated classification performed in step 5. This allowed the operator to quickly re-classify points from one layer to another and recreate the TIN surface to see the effects of edits. Geo-referenced images were toggled on or off to aid the operator in identifying problem areas. The data was also examined with an automated profiling tool to aid the operator in the reclassification. 7. The final DEM was written to an ESRI grid format (.flt). 8. The point cloud data were also delivered in LAS format.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2005-09-02T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) received LAS files containing the point cloud elevation data from Earth Data, Inc. OCM performed the following processing on the data to make it available within the Lidar Data Retrieval Tool (LDART): 1. Variable length header records were added to the LAS files to identify projection, datum and sort order. 2. The LAS files were sorted by latitude.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2005-09-27T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  For data management purposes, the Office for Coastal Management converted the data from NAVD88 elevations to ellipsoid elevations using Geoid 99.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2008-02-01T00:00:00
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: Horizons Inc. was contracted by EarthData International to collect ALS-40 Lidar data over the coastal area of Oahu, Hawaii. The project site was flown on October 21 and November 1, 8, 24, 27, and December 7, 2003, using aircraft 2636P. Lidar data was captured using an ALS-40 Lidar system, including an inertial measuring unit (IMU) and a dual frequency GPS receiver. Lidar was obtained at an altitude of 1,524 meters (5,000 feet) above mean terrain, at an average airspeed of 110 knots. Sensor pulse rate was set at 20,000 Hz with a field of view of 20 degrees and a scan rate of 19 Hz. Average swath width of the collected raw lines is 537 meters. Point spacing was 2 meters. Lidar data was recorded in conjunction with airborne GPS and IMU; the stationary GPS receiver was positioned over a control point located at the airport. Recorded digital data was shipped via external hard drive to the production facility for processing. During airborne data collection, an additional GPS receiver was in constant operation over a published National Geodetic Survey (NGS) control point at Honolulu Airport. The coordinate value for temporary control point "PHNL" was determined by a network adjustment to CORS stations EHN1 and HNLC, both of which were tied to the project control network. During the data acquisition, the receivers collected phase data at an epoch rate of 1 Hz. All GPS phase data was post processed with continuous kinematic survey techniques using "On the Fly" (OTF) integer ambiguity resolution. The GPS data was processed with forward and reverse processing algorithms. An adjustment was made to the ellipsoid height of the published point by Terrasurv to reflect Local Tidal Elevation. The results from each process, using the data collected at the airport, were combined to yield a single fixed integer phase differential solution of the aircraft trajectory. | Source Geospatial Form: Model | Type of Source Media: Firewire Drive
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Aerial Lidar Acquisition over Coastal Oahu, HI
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2003-12-07
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimePeriod:
                            beginPosition:  2003-10-21
                            endPosition:  2003-12-07
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: Kevin Chappell, of Terrasurv and under contract to EarthData International established 30 ground control points along the coastline of the island of Oahu and within a blocked area around Honolulu where the 2005 flight was flown. The points were surveyed using GPS for both vertical and horizontal coordinate values. The horizontal datum used was the North American Datum of 1983 (Pacific Plate Fixed Realization, epoch 2002.0). The vertical datum used was a Local Tidal Datum. | Source Geospatial Form: Diagram | Type of Source Media: Electronic mail system
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Report of Survey - Oahu, Hawaii
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2003-11-05
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimePeriod:
                            beginPosition:  2003-11-04
                            endPosition:  2003-11-05
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:   The vertical values in this data set have been converted to reference GPS-derived orthometric height via GEOID model (GEOID12B) meters, using the GEOID12B grids provided by the National Geodetic Survey. Any datum and projection transformations were then done with the Office for Coastal Management 'datum_shift' program. Compression to an LAZ file was done with the LAStools 'laszip' program and can be unzipped with the same free program (laszip.org) Processing notes:
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2023-07-01T05:09:51
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    individualName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor