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2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar: Chestertown to Trappe, MD
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                voice:  (843) 740-1202
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                deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                city:  Charleston
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                electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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      DateTime:  2026-06-03T00:11:01
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        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar: Chestertown to Trappe, MD
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2025
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) creation
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                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 79700
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                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/79700
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                        description:  View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset.
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                        deliveryPoint:  1315 East-West Hwy
                        city:  Silver Spring
                        administrativeArea:  MD
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                        linkage: https://geodesy.noaa.gov/
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/14162/supplemental/2024_NOAA_Chesapeake_Topobathymetric_Lidar_Report_PM_PLS_Signed.pdf
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  Topobathy Lidar Data Report
                        description:  Topobathy Lidar Data Report
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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        abstract:  NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar project data were collected by NV5 using Leica Chiroptera/Hawkeye 4X systems. The NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar acquisition was flown between 20241109 and 20241119 in 10 missions. The dataset includes topobathymetric data in a LAS format 1.4, point data record format 6, with the following classifications in accordance with project specifications and the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) classification standards: 1 - unclassified 1 Withheld - edge clip 1 Overlap Withheld - unrefracted green data from Chiroptera sensor 2 - ground 7 Withheld - low noise 18 Withheld - high noise 22 - temporal exclusion 40 - bathymetric bottom 41 - water surface 42 Synthetic- Chiroptera synthetic water surface 43 - submerged feature 45 - water column 46 - Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) 47 Withheld - submerged noise 48 - submerged temporal exclusion - temporal water column and bathy bottom The channel bits are mapped as the following: 0 - Chiroptera green shallow laser 1 - Chiroptera/Hawkeye synthetic water surface 2 - Hawkeye green deep laser 3 - Chiroptera NIR The user byte is mapped as the following: 10 - Chiroptera green shallow 11 - Chiroptera green shallow 4X 12 - Chiroptera green shallow synthetic 20 - Hawkeye green deep 21 - Hawkeye green deep 4X 22 - Hawkeye green deep synthetic 30 - Chiroptera NIR This dataset also includes lidar intensity values, number of returns, return number, time, and scan angle. The NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar project buffered boundary extent covers 233,759 acres. LAS files were compiled in 500 m x 500 m tiles. This Lidar dataset is comprised of 5,207 - 500 m x 500 m LAS tiles. This data set contains point cloud data(' in LAZ (compressed LAS) format', ''). The data may have been reprojected or otherwise modified from the original data in an automated process. Disregard projection information in this abstract and refer to the spatial reference section.
        purpose:  This lidar data was required by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), Remote Sensing Division Coastal Mapping Program (CMP) to enable accurate and consistent measurement of the national shoreline. The CMP works to provide a regularly updated and consistent national shoreline to define America's marine territorial limits and manage coastal resources.
        credit:  We request that you credit the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) when you use these data in a report, publication, or presentation. The custom download may be cited as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Digital Coast Data Access Viewer. Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Accessed 2026-06-02 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
        status:  (MD_ProgressCode) completed
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
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                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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            maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) notPlanned
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION > TOPOGRAPHICAL RELIEF MAPS
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > BATHYMETRY > COASTAL BATHYMETRY
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  23.3
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > MARYLAND
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  23.3
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  23.3
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            keyword:  Airplane > Airplane
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) platform
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  23.3
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  DOC/NOAA/NOS/NGS > National Geodetic Survey, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataCentre
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2017-04-24
                    dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                edition:  8.5
                citedResponsibleParty:  GCMD Landing Page
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  NGS Lidar
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) project
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                title:  InPort
                date: (inapplicable)
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:   This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2026-06-02 from the NOAA system. Cite As: National Geodetic Survey, [Date of Access]: 2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar: Chestertown to Trappe, MD [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/79700.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            accessConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:   This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2026-06-02 from the NOAA system. Access Constraints: None
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:   This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2026-06-02 from the NOAA system. Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useLimitation:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:   This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2026-06-02 from the NOAA system. Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the National Geodetic Survey, the Office for Coastal Management, or its partners.
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            aggregateDataSetName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  2024 NOAA NGS Ortho-rectified 4 band Mosaic: Chestertown to Trappe, MD
                date: (unknown)
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  79699
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                title:  2024 NOAA NGS Topobathy Lidar DEM: Chestertown to Trappe, MD
                date: (unknown)
                identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                    authority:  (CI_Citation)
                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  79704
            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        environmentDescription:  OS Independent
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -76.42
                eastBoundLongitude:  -76.05
                southBoundLatitude:  38.62
                northBoundLatitude:  39.24
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    beginPosition:  2024-11-09
                    endPosition:  2024-11-19
        supplementalInformation:  The NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar data includes all lidar returns. An automated grounding classification algorithm was used to determine bare earth and submerged topography point classification. The automated grounding was followed with manual editing. Classes 2 (ground), 40 (submerged topography), 43 (submerged object), and 46 (submerged aquatic vegetation) were used to create the final DEMs. The full workflow used for this project will be documented in the NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar final report, to be provided upon project completion.
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            name:  LAS/LAZ - LASer
            version: (missing)
            fileDecompressionTechnique:  LAZ
        distributor:  (MD_Distributor)
            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice:  (843) 740-1202
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                        city:  Charleston
                        administrativeArea:  SC
                        postalCode:  29405-2413
                        country: (missing)
                        electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                        description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=14162
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Customized Download
                description:  Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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                linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/14162/index.html
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Simple download of data files.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_QuantitativeAttributeAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Horizontal ->The project specification requires horizontal positions (RMSEh) to be calculated and reported using the formula provided in Section7.6 and B.8 of the ASPRS Positional Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data, Edition 2, Version 1.0– August 23, 2023, for the estimation of horizontal accuracy as a function of flying height, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) derived positional error, and INS derived attitude error for given sensor parameters. The obtained RMSEh value is multiplied by a conversion factor of 1.7308 to yield the horizontal(radial) component at the 95% confidence level of the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) reporting standard where a theoretical point will fall within the obtained radius 95 percent of the time (ACCr). Absolute accuracy was assessed using Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) survey methods. Survey check points were evenly distributed as feasible throughout the project area. NVA compares known ground check point data that were withheld from the calibration and post-processing of the lidar point cloud to the triangulated surface generated by the ground classified lidar point cloud. NVA is a measure of the accuracy of lidar point data in open areas with level slope (less than 20°) where the lidar system has a high probability of measuring the ground surface and is evaluated at the 95% confidence interval (1.96*RMSE). Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) was evaluated at the 95% confidence interval (1.96*RMSE).
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Horizontal Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Based on a flying altitude of 400 meters, an IMU pitch/roll error of 0.002 decimal degrees, an IMU heading error of 0.003 decimal degrees, and a GNSS positional error of 0.005 meters, the RMSEh value for the Leica Chiroptera shallow green and NIR sensor data for the NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar project area is 0.029 meters, with an ACCr of 0.049 meters at the 95% confidence level. The RMSEh value for the Leica Hawkeye deep green sensor data in the NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar project area is 0.034 meters, with a ACCr of 0.059 meters at the 95% confidence level based on a flying altitude of 400 meters, an IMU pitch/roll error of 0.002 decimal degrees, an IMU heading error of 0.004 decimal degrees, and a GNSS positional error of 0.008 meters. Please refer to the NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar project data report for final accuracies, to be provided upon project completion
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  In the NOAA Topobathymetric Lidar project area, 35 survey checkpoints were used to assess the non-vegetated vertical accuracy. Project specifications require NVA meet 0.196 m accuracy at the 95% confidence interval. Bathymetric topography points were tested separately. In the project area, 258 survey checkpoints were used to assess the bathymetric topography accuracy. Project specifications require bathymetric topography shall meet a vertical RMSE of QL2b specified in the Draft National Coastal Mapping strategy 1.0 which is equivalent to 0.30 m RMSE at a depth of 1 m. Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy tested 0.056 m vertical accuracy at the 95% confidence level against the ground classified lidar point cloud in open terrain using 35 ground check points, based on RMSEz (0.028 m) x 1.9600. Bathymetric topography accuracy tested 0.094 m vertical accuracy at the 95% confidence level against the classified points cloud using 258 bathymetric check points, based on RMSEz (0.048 m) x 1.9600. These checkpoints usually occur in depths up to 1m. Please refer to the NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar final data report for final accuracy, to be provided upon project completion.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ThematicClassificationCorrectness)
            nameOfMeasure:  Comparability
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Submerged topography checkpoints usually occurred in depths up to 1m.
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement: (missing)
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Data for the NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar project area was acquired by NV5 using Leica Chiroptera/Hawkeye 4X topobathymetric lidar systems. All derived LAS data is referenced to: Horizontal Datum-NAD83(2011) epoch: 2010.00 Projection-UTM Zone 18N Horizontal Units-meters Vertical Datum-GRS80 Ellipsoid Vertical Units-meters NOAA provided NV5 with a project boundary for the NOAA Chesapeake Topobathymetric Lidar project. Using a 100 meter buffered boundary, NV5 created an airborne lidar acquisition plan. The collected lidar data were immediately processed in the field by NV5 to a level that will allow QA\QC measures to determine if the sensor is functioning properly and assess the coverage of submerged topography. An initial SBET was created using Waypoint Inertial Explorer 8.90, and the raw data were extracted into geo-referenced LAS files using Lidar Survey Studio 3.0 with pre-calculated scanner misalignment angles determined through a boresight protocol. These files were inspected for errors and then passed through an automated workflow, producing rasters to develop an initial assessment of bathymetric coverage. NV5 reviewed all acquired flight lines to ensure complete coverage and positional accuracy of the laser points. These rasters were also used to create an initial product - Quick Look Coverage Maps. These Quick Look files are not fully processed data or final products but provide rapid assessment of approximate coverage and depth penetration.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-10-21T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:
                      Anchor:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  NV5 resolved kinematic corrections for the aircraft Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data using static GPS data from Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) utilizing the Online Positioning User Service (OPUS) for precise positioning. This data was used to correct the continuous on board measurements of the aircraft position recorded throughout the flight. Smoothed best estimate trajectories (SBET) were developed incorporating post-processed aircraft positionings with IMU and when present, gyrostabilized mount data. Using the SBETs, sensor head position and attitude were then calculated throughout the survey. Trimble Business Center v.3.90, Blue Marble Geographic Calculator 2019, and Inertial Explorer v8.9 were used for final SBET creation.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-10-21T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:
                      Anchor:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
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                description:  Following final SBET creation, NV5 used Leica's Lidar Survey Studio (LSS) to calculate laser point positioning by associating SBET positions to each laser point return time, scan angle, and intensity. LSS was used to derive a synthetic water surface to create a water surface model for refraction correction. Light travels at different speeds in air versus water and its direction of travel or angle is changed or refracted when entering the water column. The refraction tool corrects for this difference by adjusting the depth (distance traveled) and horizontal positioning (change of angle/direction) of the submerged green laser lidar data. All lidar data below water surface models were classified as water column to correct for refraction. Using raster-based QC methods, the output data is verified to ensure the refraction correction operated properly.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-10-21T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:
                      Anchor:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Once all data was refracted by flight line, the lidar data was exported to LAS 1.4 files (point format 6) and delineated into 500 m x 500 m tiles. Data were then further calibrated using StripAlign and TerraMatch. NV5 used custom algorithms in TerraScan to classify the initial ground/bathymetric bottom points. Relative accuracy of overlapping swaths was compared and verified through the use of Delta-Z (DZ) orthos created using NV5's proprietary software Las Product Creator (LPC). Absolute vertical accuracy of the calibrated data was assessed using ground survey data.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-10-21T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:
                      Anchor:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Post automated classification, NV5 performed manual reviews and editing to finalize all classification and improve the final topobathymetric surface. NV5's LasMonkey was used to update LAS header information, including all projection and coordinate reference system information. The final lidar data are in LAS format 1.4 and point data record format 6. The final classification scheme is as follows: 1 - unclassified 1 Withheld - edge clip 1 Overlap Withheld - unrefracted green data from Chiroptera sensor 2 - ground 7 Withheld - low noise 18 Withheld - high noise 22 - temporal exclusion 40 - bathymetric bottom or submerged topography 41 - water surface 42 Synthetic- Chiroptera synthetic water surface 43 - submerged feature 45 - water column 46 - Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) 47 Withheld - submerged noise 48 - submerged temporal exclusion - temporal water column and bathy bottom
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2025-10-21T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:
                      Anchor:  National Geodetic Survey
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) received files in laz format. The files contain lidar elevation and intensity measurements. The LiDAR data were in NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 18N coordinates and ellipsoid elevations in meters. OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes: 1. Converted from UTM Zone 19 to geographic coordinates 2. Sorted by gps time and 3. reclassified point data. The final classification scheme is as follows. 1 - Unclassified 2 - Ground 7 - Low Noise 18 - High Noise 22 - Temporal Exclusion 40 - Bathymetric Point 41 - Water Surface 42 - Derived Water Surface 43 - Submerged Object 45 - Water Column 46- Submerged Vegetation 48 - Submerged Temporal Exclusion
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2026-05-15T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                            voice:  (843) 740-1202
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            source:  (LI_Source)
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Acquisition and Processing
                    date: (missing)
                    citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                        organisationName:  NV5
                        role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:   The dataset has been mosaiced, reprojected, and clipped as needed from the original input files using PDAL and GDAL commands.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2026-06-02
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    individualName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor