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Original contact information: 
   Contact Org: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office for Coastal Management
   Phone: 843-740-1202
This data set contains point cloud data(' in LAZ (compressed LAS) format', ''). The data may have been reprojected or otherwise modified from the original data in an automated process. Disregard projection information in this abstract and refer to the spatial reference section.
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         Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management.
         
         Accessed 2025-06-25 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
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         <gmd:descriptiveKeywords>
            <gmd:MD_Keywords>
               <gmd:keyword>
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               <gmd:thesaurusName>
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            This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2025-06-25 from the NOAA system.
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            This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2025-06-25 from the NOAA system.
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            This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2025-06-25 from the NOAA system.
                Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations.</gco:CharacterString>
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            This data set was compiled dynamically. It will be removed 10 days after 2025-06-25 from the NOAA system.
                Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, Office for Coastal Management or its partners.                                                                                                                    This data can be obtained on-line at the following URL: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=5182</gco:CharacterString>
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The vertical accuracy is tested by comparing the control points to a triangulated irregular network (TIN) that is created from the lidar points.  Control points are always compared to interpolated surfaces created from the lidar point cloud because it is unlikely that a control point will be located at the location of a discrete lidar point.
Non-vegetated survey checkpoints were used to compute the Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA).  Project specifications required a NVA of 19.6 cm at the 95% confidence level based on RMSEz (10 cm) x 1.9600. 

All vegetated survey checkpoints were used to compute the Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA).  Project specifications required a VVA of 29.4 cm based on the 95th percentile. This lidar dataset was tested to meet ASPRS Positional Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data (2014) for a 10 cm RMSEz Vertical Accuracy Class.  Actual NVA accuracy was found to be RMSEz= 8.10 cm, equating to +/- 15.8 at 95% confidence level. Actual VVA accuracy was found to be +/-  22.7 cm at the 95th percentile.

The 5% outliers consisted of 1 checkpoint that is larger than the 95th percentile. This checkpoint has a DZ value of 0.250 m.</gco:CharacterString>
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                        <gco:CharacterString>Data for the Beaver Island Archipelago and South Manitou Island project was acquired by Leading Edge Geomatics using a Leica Chiroptera II Bathymetric and Topographic lidar sensor.  All delivered lidar data is referenced to:
Horizontal Datum-NAD83 (2011) epoch: 2010
Projection-UTM Zone 16 North
Horizontal Units-meters
Vertical Datum-NAVD88, GEOID12B
Vertical Units-meters

This dataset encompasses 3,361 500m x 500m tiles.  Both green lidar data and NIR lidar data was acquired.

Leading Edge Geomatics acquired, calibrated and performed the refraction correction to the lidar data.

Dewberry received the calibrated green and NIR data and verified complete coverage.  Relative accuracy of the green swaths compared to overlapping and adjacent green swaths as well as the relative accuracy of green swaths compared to overlapping and adjacent NIR swaths was verified through the use of Delta-Z (DZ) orthos created in GeoCue software.  Intraswath or within a swath relative accuracy was verified using Quick Terrain Modeler.  Profiles of elevated planar features, such as roofs, were used to verify horizontal alignment between overlapping swaths.  Dewberry then verified absolute vertical accuracy of the swath data prior to full-scale production.

Dewberry used ArcGIS to create 2-D breaklines.  The bathymetric points exported by the Leica processing software were aggregated into polygons. These 2D breaklines representing the bathy areas were manually reviewed and adjusted where necessary to ensure all well-defined hydrographic features (at 1:1200-scale) were captured with breaklines.  

Dewberry used algorithms in TerraScan to create the initial ground/submerged topography surface.  

Dewberry used the 2-D breaklines to classify the bathymetric bottom and ground points properly in TerraScan.

Dewberry filtered out an issue with artifacts caused by scanner noise for one mission in the project.  The issue cause a single scan rotation of pulses to be much noisier and have a higher spatial distribution of bathymetric points.  Dewberry used the neighboring less noisy points to help select the actual bathymetric points in these areas helping to remove the artifacts and create a smooth consistent transition from low noise to high noise areas.

All lidar data was peer-reviewed.  Dewberry's QAQC also included creating void polygons for use during review.  All necessary edits were applied to the dataset.  GeoCue software was used to update LAS header information, including all projection and coordinate reference system information.  The final lidar data are in LAS format 1.4 and point data record format 6.

The final classification scheme is as follows:
0-Created, never classified
1-Unclassified
2-Ground 
40-Bathymetric bottom
41-Water surface
42-Derived water surface
43-Submerged object, not otherwise specified
44-International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) S-57 objects
45-No bottom found

All data is then verified by an Independent QC department within Dewberry.  The independent QC is performed by separate analysts who do not perform manual classification or editing.  The independent QC involves quantitative and qualitative reviews.</gco:CharacterString>
                     </gmd:description>
                     <gmd:dateTime>
                        <gco:DateTime>2016-07-01T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
                     </gmd:dateTime>
                  </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
               </gmd:processStep>
               <gmd:processStep>
                  <gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
                     <gmd:description>
                        <gco:CharacterString>The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) received 3361 files in las 1.4 format. The files contained lidar intensity and elevation measurements for the project area in upper Lake Michigan. Horizontal positions were provided in UTM Zone 16 coordinates, referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 National Adjustment of 2011 (NAD83 NA11). Vertical positions were referenced to NAVD88 (Geoid12b)and provided in meters. Data classification review showed that the only classifications present in the data are: 0 - never classified, 1 - unclassified, 2- ground, 40 - bathy bottom, 41 - water surface, 42 - derived water surface, 45 - no bathy bottom found. OCM performed the following processing for data storage and Digital Coast provisioning purposes: 
1. Removed elevation outliers below -105 meters ellipsoid height 
2. Converted from UTM Zone 16 coordinates to geographic coordinates                                                                                       3. Converted from NAVD88 elevations to ellipsoid elevations using Geoid12b                                                                              4. 4. Sorted by gpstime
5. Compressed the data using laszip</gco:CharacterString>
                     </gmd:description>
                     <gmd:dateTime>
                        <gco:DateTime>2016-12-14T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
                     </gmd:dateTime>
                  </gmd:LI_ProcessStep>
               </gmd:processStep>
            <gmd:processStep><gmd:LI_ProcessStep><gmd:description><gco:CharacterString>
                            The dataset has been mosaiced, reprojected, and clipped as needed from the original input files using PDAL and GDAL commands.
                        </gco:CharacterString></gmd:description><gmd:dateTime><gco:DateTime>2025-06-25</gco:DateTime></gmd:dateTime><gmd:processor><gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty><gmd:individualName><gco:CharacterString>NOAA Office for Coastal Management</gco:CharacterString></gmd:individualName><gmd:contactInfo><gmd:CI_Contact><gmd:address><gmd:CI_Address><gmd:electronicMailAddress><gco:CharacterString>coastal.info@noaa.gov</gco:CharacterString></gmd:electronicMailAddress></gmd:CI_Address></gmd:address></gmd:CI_Contact></gmd:contactInfo><gmd:role><gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="https://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#gmd:CI_RoleCode" codeListValue="processor">processor</gmd:CI_RoleCode></gmd:role></gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty></gmd:processor></gmd:LI_ProcessStep></gmd:processStep></gmd:LI_Lineage>
         </gmd:lineage>
      </gmd:DQ_DataQuality>
   </gmd:dataQualityInfo>
</gmi:MI_Metadata>