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2016 USGS Lidar: Maine QL2
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                city:  Charleston
                administrativeArea:  SC
                postalCode:  29405-2413
                country: (missing)
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      DateTime:  2022-08-09T17:11:36
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                  title:  NAD83(2011)
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                      date:  2008-11-12
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                      organisationName:  European Petroleum Survey Group
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                  title:  North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID18) meters
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                              linkage: https://apps.epsg.org/api/v1/VerticalCoordRefSystem/5703/?api_key=gml
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                      organisationName:  European Petroleum Survey Group
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    identificationInfo:  (MD_DataIdentification)
        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2016 USGS Lidar: Maine QL2
            alternateTitle:  me2016_usgs_me_ql2_m6264_metadata
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2017-06-14
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                    title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
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                code:
                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 49796
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                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/49796
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
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        abstract:  Product: This lidar data set includes classified LAS files, breaklines, digital elevation models (DEMs), intensity imagery, and contours. Geographic Extent: Four partial counties in western Maine, covering approximately 5,034 total square miles Dataset Description: Maine 2016 QL2 Lidar project called for the planning, acquisition, processing, and derivative products of lidar data to be collected at a nominal pulse spacing (NPS) of 0.7 meters. Project specifications are based on the U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program Base Lidar Specification, Version 1.2. The data was developed based on a horizontal projection/datum of NAD83 (2011) UTM Zone 19, meters and vertical datum of NAVD1988 (Geoid 12B), meters. Lidar data was delivered as flightline-extent unclassified LAS swaths, as processed Classified LAS files formatted to 6,115 individual 1,500 meter x 1,500 meter tiles, as tiled intensity imagery, and as tiled bare earth DEMs; all tiled to the same 1,500 meter x 1,500 schema. Continuous breaklines were produced in Esri file geodatabase format. Continuous contours with an interval of 1 foot were created in Esri file geodatabase format. Ground Conditions: Lidar was collected in spring of 2016, while no snow was on the ground and rivers were at or below normal levels. In order to post process the lidar data to meet task order specifications and meet ASPRS vertical accuracy guidelines, Quantum Spatial, Inc. utilized a total of 101 ground control points that were used to calibrate the lidar to known ground locations established throughout the Maine project area. An additional 205 independent accuracy checkpoints, 118 in Bare Earth and Urban landcovers (118 NVA points), 87 in Forested, Brushland/Trees, and Tall Weeds/Crops categories (87 VVA points), were used to assess the vertical accuracy of the data. These checkpoints were not used to calibrate or post process the data. In addition to the lidar point data, bare earth Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), at a 1 m grid spacing, created from the lidar point data are also available. These data are available for download here: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=6267 Breaklines created from the lidar area also available for download in either gdb or gpkg format at: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6264/breaklines The DEM and breakline products have not been reviewed by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) and any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, OCM or its partners. This data set is an LAZ (compressed LAS) format file containing LIDAR point cloud data.
        purpose:  To acquire detailed surface elevation data for use in conservation planning, design, research, floodplain mapping, dam safety assessments and elevation modeling, etc. Classified LAS files are used to show the manually reviewed bare earth surface. This allows the user to create intensity images, breaklines and raster DEMs. The purpose of these lidar data was to produce high accuracy 3D hydro-flattened digital elevation models (DEMs) with a 1-meter cell size. These raw lidar point cloud data were used to create classified lidar LAS files, intensity images, 3D breaklines, hydro-flattened DEMs, and contours as necessary.
        credit:  Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data. The custom download may be cited as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Digital Coast Data Access Viewer. Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Accessed Aug 01, 2023 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
        status:  (MD_ProgressCode) completed
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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        graphicOverview:  (MD_BrowseGraphic)
            fileName: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6264/supplemental/me2016_usgs_me_ql2_m6264.kmz
            fileDescription:  This graphic shows the lidar footprint for the 2016 USGS Maine QL2 lidar project.
            fileType:  kmz
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Contours
            keyword:  Hydrology
            keyword:  Intensity Image
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Lidar - partner (no harvest)
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) project
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                title:  InPort
                date: (inapplicable)
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            otherConstraints:  Cite As: OCM Partners, [Date of Access]: 2016 USGS Lidar: Maine QL2 [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/49796.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
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            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: No restrictions apply to this data. | Use Constraints: None. However, users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this dataset was collected and that some parts of these data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use these data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data. | Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of Quantum Spatial, Inc., the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Maine Office of GIS, NOAA, the NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) or its partners.
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            classification:  (MD_ClassificationCode) unclassified
            classificationSystem: (missing)
            handlingDescription: (missing)
        aggregationInfo:  (MD_AggregateInformation)
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                title:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
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                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
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                    code:  49796
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                    organisationName: (inapplicable)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                            linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/ocmp/dmp/pdf/49796.pdf
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                            name:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                            description:  NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort.
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            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        spatialRepresentationType:  (MD_SpatialRepresentationTypeCode) vector
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -71.04629822983
                eastBoundLongitude:  -69.15957708384
                southBoundLatitude:  44.00349372871
                northBoundLatitude:  45.95653467626
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                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    beginPosition:  2016-04-05
                    endPosition:  2016-05-21
        supplementalInformation:  The following reports are available for this data set: 1. Maine 2016 QL2 Lidar Project Report: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6264/supplemental/me2016_usgs_me_ql2_m6264_lidar_report.pdf 2. Maine 2016 QL2 Lidar Project Report Appendices: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6264/supplemental/me2016_usgs_me_ql2_m6264_lidar_report_app.pdf 3. Quantum Spatial FOCUS Report: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6264/supplemental/me2016_usgs_me_ql2_m6264_lidar_focus_report.pdf The following are the USGS lidar fields in JSON: { "ldrinfo" : { "ldrspec" : "USGS-NGP Base Specification v1.2", "ldrsens" : "Leica_ALS70", "ldrmaxnr" : "4", "ldrnps" : "0.67", "ldrdens" : "2.21", "ldranps" : "0.67", "ldradens" : "2.21", "ldrfltht" : "2100", "ldrfltsp" : "150", "ldrscana" : "40.0", "ldrscanr" : "53.4", "ldrpulsr" : "260.40", "ldrpulsd" : "4", "ldrpulsw" : "0.48", "ldrwavel" : "1064", "ldrmpia" : "1", "ldrbmdiv" : "0.22", "ldrswatw" : "1528.67", "ldrswato" : "10.67", "ldrgeoid" : "g2012bu0.bin" }, "ldrinfo_MESP" : { "ldrspec" : "USGS-NGP Base Specification v1.2", "ldrsens" : "Leica_ALS70_MESP", "ldrmaxnr" : "4", "ldrnps" : "0.56", "ldrdens" : "3.18", "ldranps" : "0.56", "ldradens" : "3.18", "ldrfltht" : "1925", "ldrfltsp" : "150", "ldrscana" : "34.0", "ldrscanr" : "57.3", "ldrpulsr" : "288.60", "ldrpulsd" : "4", "ldrpulsw" : "0.44", "ldrwavel" : "1064", "ldrmpia" : "1", "ldrbmdiv" : "0.22", "ldrswatw" : "1177.06", "ldrswato" : "16.84", "ldrgeoid" : "g2012bu0.bin" }, "ldraccur" : { "ldrchacc" : "0.196", "rawnva" : "0.114", "rawnvan" : "116" }, "lasinfo" : { "lasver" : "1.4", "lasprf" : "6", "laswheld" : "Withheld (ignore) points were identified in these files using the standard LAS Withheld bit", "lasolap" : "Swath "overage" points were identified in these files using the standard LAS overlap bit", "lasintr" : "16", "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "1", "clasitem" : "Processed, but unclassified" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "2", "clasitem" : "Bare-earth ground" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "7", "clasitem" : "Low noise" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "9", "clasitem" : "In-land Water" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "10", "clasitem" : "Ignored ground" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "17", "clasitem" : "Bridge decks" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "18", "clasitem" : "High noise" } }}
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            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
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                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice:  (843) 740-1202
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                        city:  Charleston
                        administrativeArea:  SC
                        postalCode:  29405-2413
                        country: (missing)
                        electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                        description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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                role:  (CI_RoleCode) distributor
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
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                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=6264
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                name:  Customized Download
                description:  Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc.
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                linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6264/index.html
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                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Simple download of data files.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The project specifications require that only Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) be computed for raw lidar point cloud swath files. The required accuracy (ACCz) is: 19.6 cm at a 95% confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, i.e., based on RMSE of 10 cm in the "bare earth" and "urban" land cover classes. The NVA was tested with 116 of 118 checkpoints located in bare earth and urban (non-vegetated) areas. These check points were not used in the calibration or post processing of the lidar point cloud data. The checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and were surveyed using GPS techniques. See survey report for additional survey methodologies. Elevations from the unclassified lidar surface were measured for the x,y location of each check point. Elevations interpolated from the lidar surface were then compared to the elevation values of the surveyed control points. AccuracyZ has been tested to meet 19.6 cm or better Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy at 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASRPS Guidelines. The project specifications require the accuracy (ACCz) of the derived DEM be calculated and reported in two ways: 1. The required NVA is: 19.6 cm at a 95% confidence level, derived according to NSSDA, i.e., based on RMSE of 10 cm in the "bare earth" and "urban" land cover classes. This is a required accuracy. The NVA was tested with 118 checkpoints located in bare earth and urban (non-vegetated) areas. 2. Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA): VVA shall be reported for "forested", "brushland/trees", and "tall weeds/crops" land cover classes. The target VVA is: 29.4 cm at the 95th percentile, derived according to ASPRS Guidelines, Vertical Accuracy Reporting for Lidar Data, i.e., based on the 95th percentile error in all vegetated land cover classes combined. This is a target accuracy. The VVA was tested with 87 checkpoints located in forested, brushland/trees, and tall weeds/crops (vegetated) areas. The checkpoints were distributed throughout the project area and were surveyed using GPS techniques. See survey report for additional survey methodologies. AccuracyZ has been tested to meet 19.6 cm or better Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy at 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); assessed and reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASRPS Guidelines.; Quantitative Value: 0.114 meters, Test that produced the value: Tested 0.114 meters NVA at a 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA). The NVA of the raw lidar point cloud swath files was calculated against TINs derived from the final calibrated and controlled swath data using 116 independent checkpoints located in Bare Earth and Urban land cover classes.; Quantitative Value: 0.113 meters, Test that produced the value: Tested 0.113 meters NVA at a 95% confidence level using RMSE(z) x 1.9600 as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA). The NVA of the DEM was calculated using 118 independent checkpoints located in the Bare Earth and Urban land cover categories.; Quantitative Value: 0.253 meters, Test that produced the value: Tested 0.253 meters VVA was calculated using 87 checkpoints located in the Forested, Brushland/Trees, and Tall Weeds/Crops land cover categories at the 95th percentile, derived according to ASPRS Guidelines, Vertical Accuracy Reporting for Lidar Data. Tested against the DEM.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Report
            evaluationMethodDescription:  These raw LAS and LAS data files include all data points collected. No points have been removed or excluded. The raw point cloud is of good quality and data passes Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy specifications. Datasets contain complete coverage of tiles. A visual qualitative assessment was performed to ensure data completeness. There are no void areas or missing data. All files are inspected to ensure that they conform to the specified file naming conventions, all files load in their correct geographic position, all files conform to the project specifications for file standard and content.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
            nameOfMeasure:  Conceptual Consistency
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Data covers the entire area specified for this project.
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement: (missing)
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Raw Data and Boresight Processing: The boresight for each lift was done individually as the solution may change slightly from lift to lift. The following steps describe the Raw Data Processing and Boresight process: 1) Technicians processed the raw data to LAS format flight lines using the final GPS/IMU solution. This LAS data set was used as source data for boresight. 2) Technicians first used Quantum Spatial, Inc. proprietary and commercial software to calculate initial boresight adjustment angles based on sample areas selected in the lift. These areas cover calibration flight lines collected in the lift, cross tie and production flight lines. These areas are well distributed in the lift coverage and cover multiple terrain types that are necessary for boresight angle calculation. The technician then analyzed the results and made any necessary additional adjustment until it is acceptable for the selected areas. 3) Once the boresight angle calculation was completed for the selected areas, the adjusted settings were applied to all of the flight lines of the lift and checked for consistency. The technicians utilized commercial and proprietary software packages to analyze how well flight line overlaps match for the entire lift and adjusted as necessary until the results met the project specifications. 4) Once all lifts were completed with individual boresight adjustment, the technicians checked and corrected the vertical misalignment of all flight lines and also the matching between data and ground truth. The relative accuracy was less than or equal to 7 cm RMSEz within individual swaths and less than or equal to 10 cm RMSEz or within swath overlap (between adjacent swaths). 5) The technicians ran a final vertical accuracy check of the boresighted flight lines against the surveyed check points after the z correction to ensure the requirement of NVA = 19.6 cm 95% Confidence Level (Required Accuracy) was met.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2016-01-01T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  LAS Point Classification: The point classification is performed as described below. The bare earth surface is then manually reviewed to ensure correct classification on the Class 2 (Ground) points. After the bare-earth surface is finalized, it is then used to generate all hydro-breaklines through heads-up digitization. All ground (ASPRS Class 2) lidar data inside of the Lake Pond and Double Line Drain hydro-flattened breaklines were then classified to Water (ASPRS Class 9) using TerraScan macro functionality. A buffer of 1 meter was also used around each hydro-flattened feature to classify these ground (ASPRS Class 2) points to Ignored ground (ASPRS Class 10). All Lake Pond Island and Double Line Drain Island features were checked to ensure that the ground (ASPRS Class 2) points were reclassified to the correct classification after the automated classification was completed. All bridge decks were classified to Class 17. All overlap data was processed through automated functionality provided by TerraScan to classify the overlapping flight line data to approved classes by USGS. The overlap data was classified using standard LAS overlap bit. These classes were created through automated processes only and were not verified for classification accuracy. Due to software limitations within TerraScan, these classes were used to trip the withheld bit within various software packages. These processes were reviewed and accepted by USGS through numerous conference calls and pilot study areas. All data was manually reviewed and any remaining artifacts removed using functionality provided by TerraScan and TerraModeler. Global Mapper us used as a final check of the bare earth dataset. GeoCue was then used to create the deliverable industry-standard LAS files for both the All Point Cloud Data and the Bare Earth. Quantum Spatial, Inc. proprietary software was used to perform final statistical analysis of the classes in the LAS files, on a per tile level to verify final classification metrics and full LAS header information.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2016-01-01T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) received 6115 las files in las 1.4 format from the Maine Office of GIS. The files contained lidar intensity and elevation measurements for the project area in Maine. The data were in UTM Zone 19 coordinates and in NAVD88 elevations in meters. OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes: 1. The LAStools software scripts lasinfo and lasvalidate were run on the las files to check for errors. 2. Internal OCM scripts were run to convert the files from UTM Zone 19 coordinates to geographic coordinates and to convert from NAVD88 elevations to ellipsoid elevations using Geoid12b. 3. Internal OCM scripts were run on the las files to assign the geokeys, to sort the data by gps time and zip the data to database and to http.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2017-05-19T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:   The vertical values in this data set have been converted to reference North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID18) meters, using the GEOID18 grids provided by the National Geodetic Survey. Any datum and projection transformations were then done with the Office for Coastal Management 'datum_shift' program. Compression to an LAZ file was done with the LAStools 'laszip' program and can be unzipped with the same free program (laszip.org) Processing notes:
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2023-08-01T06:18:12
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    individualName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor