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2012 - 2014 USGS Lidar: Seneca Watershed, NY
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        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2012 - 2014 USGS Lidar: Seneca Watershed, NY
            alternateTitle:  Seneca_NY_Watershed_LiDAR_Project.xml
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                date:  2014-06-20
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                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 59111
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                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/59111
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/9066/supplemental/Seneca_NY_Watershed_LiDAR_Project_Report.pdf
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/9066/supplemental/task%20order.pdf
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/9066/supplemental/Seneca_NY_Watershed_LiDAR_Survey_Report.pdf
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/
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                        name:  NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Data Access Viewer (DAV)
                        description:  The Data Access Viewer (DAV) allows a user to search for and download elevation, imagery, and land cover data for the coastal U.S. and its territories. The data, hosted by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, can be customized and requested for free download through a checkout interface. An email provides a link to the customized data, while the original data set is available through a link within the viewer.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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        abstract:  The Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) dataset is a survey of the Seneca NY Watershed project area. The entire survey area for Seneca encompasses approximately 1638 square miles. The LiDAR point cloud was flown at a nominal post spacing of 1.5 meters for unobscured areas. The LiDAR data and derivative products produced are in compliance with the U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program LIDAR Base Specifications, Version 1.0. The flight lines were acquired by Northrop Grumman Corporation and Digital Aerial Solutions (DAS) and the data was post processed by Northrop GrummanAdvanced GEOINT Solutions Operating Unit (AGSOU), which was flown over twelve missions from May 5,2012-May 6,2012, November 19,2013-November 21,2013, April 17,2014-April 24,2014, June 15,2014. Derivative products from the aerial acquisition include: raw point cloud data in LAS v1.2 format, classified point cloud data in LAS v1.2 format, bare earth surface (raster DEM) tiles in 32-bit floating point raster ERDAS .IMG format, breaklines in ESRI Arc Shape format, control points in ESRI Arc Shape format, project report, and FGDC compliant XML metadata. This data set is an LAZ (compressed LAS) format file containing LIDAR point cloud data.
        purpose:  The purpose of this project was to produce a high resolution LiDAR data set to assist in change detection mapping of the Seneca NY Watershed located in Central New York
        credit:  Northrop Grumman, Advanced GEOINT Solutions Operating Unit, Northrop Grumman, Advanced GEOINT Solutions Operating Unit The custom download may be cited as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Digital Coast Data Access Viewer. Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Accessed Jul 01, 2023 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
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                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
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                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
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            fileDescription:  This graphic displays the footprint for this lidar data set.
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        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > BATHYMETRY > COASTAL BATHYMETRY
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
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            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
            keyword:  VERTICAL LOCATION > LAND SURFACE
            keyword:  VERTICAL LOCATION > SEA FLOOR
            keyword:  Continent > North America > United States Of America > U.S. Coastline
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date: (missing)
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            keyword:  LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
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            keyword:  Elevation
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
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                title:  Digital Elevation Model
                date: (missing)
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            keyword:  Wayne, Fulton, Onondaga, Seneca, Livingston, Yates, Steuben, Tioga, Schuyler, and Tompkins
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            keyword:  Continent > North America > United States Of America > New York > Seneca NY Watershed
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            otherConstraints:  Cite As: OCM Partners, [Date of Access]: 2012 - 2014 USGS Lidar: Seneca Watershed, NY [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/59111.
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            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
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            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. | Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of Northrop Grumman, USGS, NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners.
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        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
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            title:  The Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) dataset is a survey of the Seneca NY Watershed project area. The entire survey area for Seneca encompasses approximately 1638 square miles. The LiDAR point cloud was flown at a nominal post spacing of 1.5 meters for unobscured areas. The LiDAR data and derivative products produced are in compliance with the U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program LIDAR Base Specifications, Version 1.0. The flight lines were acquired by Northrop Grumman Corporati
            date: (unavailable)
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                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=9066
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                name:  Customized Download
                description:  Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc. A new metadata will be produced to reflect your request using this record as a base. Change to an orthometric vertical datum is one of the many options.
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                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Bulk download of data files in LAZ format, geographic coordinates, orthometric heights. Note that the vertical datum (hence elevations) of the files here are different than described in this document. They will be in an orthometric datum.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Horizontal Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  There is not a systematic method of testing when testing horizontal accuracy in LiDAR. However this is tested during calibration of the sensor and is rechecked during the comparing of parallel and perpendicular flight lines. Additionally the horizontal accuracy is checked by collecting building corners during the survey. Lines are then digitized representing the building outline and the differences are measure from each individual survey point to the corner of the building outline. Stats are calculated to ensure horizontal tolerances are met. These measurements resulted in an RMSEr of 1.86 meters and equals a RMSE accuracy of 3.21 meter horizontal accuracy at the 95 % confidence level. Accuracy defined by NSSDA at the 95 % confidence level would be multiplier by 1.7308 times the RMSE. Quantitative value: 3.21, Test that produced the valued: Value represent horizontal accuracy assessment at the 95% confidence interval.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Tested Fundamental Vertical Accuracy = 0.145 meters at the 95% confidence level (8.57 cm RMSEz). The accuracy assessment was performed using the NSSDA standard method to compute the root mean square error (RMSE) based on a comparison of ground control points (GCP) and DEM derived from the LiDAR dataset. Testing was performed prior to gridding of the filtered LiDAR data points and construction of the 32-bit ESRI float grid format bare earth tiles. The RMSEz figure was used to compute the vertical National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA). A spatial proximity analysis was used to select edited LiDAR data points contiguous to the relevant GCPs. A search radius decision rule is applied with consideration of terrain complexity, cumulative error and adequate sample size. Cumulative error results from the errors inherent in the various sources of horizontal measurement. These sources include the airborne GPS, GCPs and the uncertainty of the accuracy of the LiDAR data points. This accuracy is achieved prior to the subsampling that occurs through integration with the inertial measurement unit (IMU) positions that are recorded. It is unclear at this time whether the initial accuracy is maintained. The horizontal accuracy of the GCPs is estimated to be in the range of approximately .03 to .04 meters. Finally, sample size was considered. The specification for the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy is a minimum of 20 points to conduct a statistically significant accuracy evaluation which provides a reasonable approximation of a normal distribution. The intent of the NSSDA is to reflect the geographic area of interest and the distribution of error in the data set (Federal Geographic Data Committee, 1998, Geospatial National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy, Federal Geographic Data Committee Secretariat, Reston, Virginia, p.3-4). Additional steps were taken to ensure the vertical accuracy of the LiDAR data including: Step 1: Precision Bore sighting (Check Edge-matching) Step 2: Compare the LiDAR data to the Field Survey (The vertical accuracy requirements meet or exceed the required RMSEz of 12.5cm and the vertical accuracy of 24.5cm at the 95% confidence level). Data collected under this task order exceeds the required National Standards for Spatial Database Accuracy (NSSDA) accuracy standards. SVA accuracies at the 95th Percentile collected and tested, as target accuracies results as follows:Tall Weeds and Crops=0.196 meters, Forested and Fully Grown= 0.319 meters. Consolidated Vertical Accuracies (CVA) at the 95th Percentile =0.236 meters. Final accuracy statement for this task order is as follows; FVA Tested 0.145 meters vertical accuracy at the 95% confidence level.Quantitative value: 0.145, Test that produced the value: Value represents the Fundamental Vertical Accuracy (FVA) assessment at the 95% confidence interval. This represents the FVA checkpoints compared against the derived DEM at the 95% confidence interval.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Report
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Ground Truth data was collected of the three major land cover classes present within the study area. 20 points were collected in each of the three vegetation classes that made up 10% of the vegatation present within the AOI. Those classes are bare earth, tall weeds and crops, and forested and fully grown. A pair of points were surveyed using theNYSNet network once completed the total station is used to collect the taller vegetation classes. A total station was used to collect all the shots collected in the taller vegetation class, due to the limited GPS signal when working in and around vegetation canopy.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
            nameOfMeasure:  Conceptual Consistency
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The GPS survey was tied into the NYSNet Real Time Network located in New York. The NYSNet network is a network of continuously operating GPS reference stations that provides Real Time Kinematic (RTK) capabilities within a Real Time Network (RTN). This allows corrections to be applied to the points as they are being collected, eliminating the need for an adjustment. As a quality control measure several “check-in” points consisting of NSRS published horizontal and vertical control points were used as checks within the NYSNet network. The survey crew checked into these published points daily to validate the consistency of the network. Also to confirm that the project will meet the 5cm local network accuracy at the 95% confidence level. Survey field work was performed on 3.30.2012-4.12.2012 by Northrop Grumman field crews using Trimble 5700 series Global Positioning System with Zephyr Geodetic antenna. Data analysis was accomplished by comparing ground truth checkpoints with LIDAR points from the derived DEM and reported three ways 1. FVA 2. SVA 3. CVA. Additionally the FVA points were assessed against the TIN derived from the LAS LiDAR point cloud controlled and calibrated swath data to ensure they met the required accuracy of 12.5cm RMSEz and 24.5cm at the 95% confidence interval.
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement: (missing)
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The ABGPS, inertial measurement unit (IMU), and raw scans are collected during the LiDAR aerial survey. The ABGPS monitors the xyz position of the sensor and the IMU monitors the orientation. During the aerial survey, laser pulses reflected from features on the ground surface are detected by the receiver optics and collected by the data logger. GPS locations are based on data collected by receivers on the aircraft and base stations on the ground. The ground base stations are placed no more than 40 km radius from the flight survey area.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2014-04-24T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The ABGPS, IMU, and raw scans are integrated using proprietary software developed by the airborne sensor manufacturer and delivered with each of the two sensors used on this project the Optech System and the Leica System. The resultant file is in a LAS binary file format. The LAS version 1.2 file format can be easily transferred from one file format to another. It is a binary file format that maintains information specific to the LiDAR data (return number, intensity value, xyz, etc.). The resultant points are produced in the NAD83 UTM 18 North Coordinate System, with units in Meters and referenced to the NAVD88 datum. The LiDAR mass points were processed in American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing LAS 1.2 format. The header file for each dataset is complete as defined by the LAS 1.2 specification. The datasets were divided into a 1500 meter by 1500 meter tiling scheme, named according to the US National Grid scheme. The tiles are contiguous, do not overlap, and are suitable for seamless topographic data mosaics that include no "no data" areas. The names of the tiles include numeric column and row designations and all files utilize the LAS file extension
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2014-05-05T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The unedited data are classified to facilitate the application of the appropriate feature extraction filters. A combination of proprietary filters are applied as appropriate for the production of bare earth digital elevation models (DEMs). Interactive editing methods are applied to those areas where it is inappropriate or impossible to use the feature extraction filters, based upon the design criteria and/or limitations of the relevant filters. These same feature extraction filters are used to produce elevation height surfaces.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2014-06-10T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Filtered and edited data are subjected to rigorous QA/QC, according to the Northrop Grumman, Advanced GEOINT Solutions Operating Unit Quality Control Plan and Procedures. A series of quantitative and visual procedures are employed to validate the accuracy and consistency of the filtered and edited data. Ground control is established by Northrop Grumman, Advanced GEOINT Solutions Operating Unit and GPS-derived ground control points (GCPs) in various areas of dominant and prescribed land cover. These points are coded according to land cover, surface material, and ground control suitability. A suitable number of points are selected for calculation of a statistically significant accuracy assessment, as per the requirements of the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy. A spatial proximity analysis is used to select edited LiDAR data points within a specified distance of the relevant GCPs. A search radius decision rule is applied with consideration of terrain complexity, cumulative error, and adequate sample size. Accuracy validation and evaluation is accomplished using proprietary software to apply relevant statistical routines for calculation of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA), according to Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) specifications.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2014-06-18T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The Bare Earth DEM was extracted from the raw LIDAR products and attributed with the bare earth elevation for each cell of the DEM. Bare Earth DEMs do not include buildings, vegetation, bridges or overpass structures in the bare earth model. Where abutments were clearly delineated, this transition occurred at the junction of the bridge and abutment. Where this junction was not clear, the extractor used their best estimate to delineate the separation of ground from elevated bridge surface. In the case of bridges over water bodies, if the abutment was not visible, the junction was biased to the prevailing stream bank so as not to impede the flow of water in a hydrographic model. Bare earth surface includes the top of water bodies not underwater terrain, if visible.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2014-06-18T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded 2177 laz files from the USGS' rockyFTP website. The files contained elevation and intensity measurements for the project area. The data were in UTM Zone 18, NAD 1983 (2011), meters coordinates and NAVD88 (Geoid12B) elevations in meters. The data were classified as: 1 - Unclassified, 2 - Ground, 7 - Noise, 9 - Water, 10 - Ignored Ground, 11 - Withheld, 17 - Overlap Default, 18 - Overlap Ground. The NOAA Office for Coastal Management processed all classifications of points to the Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV). OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes: 1. An internal OCM script was run to check the number of points by classification and by flight ID and the gps and intensity ranges. 2. Internal OCM scripts were run on the laz files to convert from orthometric (NAVD88) elevations to ellipsoid elevations using the Geoid 12B model, to convert from UTM Zone 17, NAD 1983 (2011), meters coordinates to geographic coordinates, to assign the geokeys, to sort the data by gps time and zip the data to database and to http.
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  Office for Coastal Management
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: The USGS Seneca NY Watershed LiDAR Survey was acquired and processed by Northrop Grumman, Advanced GEOINT Solutions Operating Unit for the United States Geological Survey "USGS".
                scaleDenominator:  (MD_RepresentativeFraction)
                    denominator:  24000
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Seneca NY Watershed LiDAR
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2014-06-20
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                    citedResponsibleParty:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                        organisationName:  Northrop Grumman, Advanced GEOINT Solutions Operating Unit
                        role:  (CI_RoleCode) originator
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimePeriod:
                            beginPosition:  2012-03-30
                            endPosition:  2012-04-12
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:   The vertical values in this data set have been converted to reference North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID18) meters, using the GEOID18 grids provided by the National Geodetic Survey. Any datum and projection transformations were then done with the Office for Coastal Management 'datum_shift' program. Compression to an LAZ file was done with the LAStools 'laszip' program and can be unzipped with the same free program (laszip.org) Processing notes:
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2023-07-01T09:59:53
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    individualName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor