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2012 FEMA Lidar: Valdez, Alaska
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                city:  Charleston
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                postalCode:  29405-2413
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    identificationInfo:  (MD_DataIdentification)
        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2012 FEMA Lidar: Valdez, Alaska
            alternateTitle:  ak2012_valdez_m8539_metadata
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2012-08-29
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                authority:  (CI_Citation)
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                code:
                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 52860
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                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/52860
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                        description:  View the complete metadata record on InPort for more information about this dataset.
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/8539/supplemental/ak2012_valdez_m8539_post_flight_report.doc
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/8539/supplemental/ak2012_valdez_m8539_qa_report.pdf
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Data Access Viewer (DAV)
                        description:  The Data Access Viewer (DAV) allows a user to search for and download elevation, imagery, and land cover data for the coastal U.S. and its territories. The data, hosted by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, can be customized and requested for free download through a checkout interface. An email provides a link to the customized data, while the original data set is available through a link within the viewer.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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        abstract:  This task order is for planning, acquisition, processing, and derivative products of lidar data to be collected for the Valdez area. This project is located in Valdez-Cordova county, Alaska for Starr. Specifications listed below are based on FEMA Procedure Memorandum No. 61 Standards for LiDAR and Other High Quality Digital Topography. LiDAR acquisition of Valdez, consisted of 25 square miles. The 25 square miles was captured to the "Highest" vertical accuracy requirement. This collection specification is the equivalent of a 2 foot contour accuracy, and was collected with a nominal pulse spacing of 8 points per meter. AeroMetric, Inc. employed an Optech ALTM Gemini LIDAR system, as well as a our Leica ALS70 in the acquisition of this LIDAR data. The airborne GPS and IMU data were processed immediately following each mission. In addition, a sample of the LIDAR data was post-processed at the completion of each mission and the data was reviewed to ensure planned data quality and coverage. The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded this lidar data from the AK DGGS site (https://elevation.alaska.gov/) and processed the data to be available on the Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV). This data set is an LAZ (compressed LAS) format file containing LIDAR point cloud data.
        purpose:  The STARR - Valdez project is to provide high accuracy processed LiDAR data suitable for Valdez in Alaska. The project consisted of acquisition, post-processing, and classification of LiDAR data. The classified LAS data achieved the following: Vertical accuracy achieved for the 25 square miles was of the Highest vertical accuracy at a RMSE Z of 4.5 cm (95% confidence level) or better in the "Open Terrain" land cover category. Accuracy statement is based on the area of moderate to flat terrain. Diminished accuracies are to be expected in areas of dense vegetation. The accuracy of the LiDAR data as tested met the vertical accuracy or better, however, derived products may be less accurate in areas of dense vegetation due to a lesser number of points defining the bare-earth in these areas.
        credit:  AeroMetric, FEMA The custom download may be cited as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Digital Coast Data Access Viewer. Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Accessed Jul 01, 2023 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
        status:  (MD_ProgressCode) completed
        pointOfContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
            contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
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            organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
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                phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
                address:  (CI_Address)
                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                    protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                    name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                    description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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            maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) unknown
        graphicOverview:  (MD_BrowseGraphic)
            fileName: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/8539/supplemental/ak2012_valdez_m8539.kmz
            fileDescription:  This graphic displays the footprint for this lidar data set.
            fileType:  KML
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  12.3
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > ALASKA
            keyword:  VERTICAL LOCATION > LAND SURFACE
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  12.3
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  14.9
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Airplane > Airplane
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) platform
            thesaurusName:  (CI_Citation)
                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  14.9
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  erosion
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  2011
            keyword:  2012
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) temporal
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Lidar - partner (no harvest)
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) project
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                title:  InPort
                date: (inapplicable)
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Cite As: OCM Partners, [Date of Access]: 2012 FEMA Lidar: Valdez, Alaska [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/52860.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_LegalConstraints)
            accessConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            useConstraints:  (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. | Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_SecurityConstraints)
            classification:  (MD_ClassificationCode) unclassified
            classificationSystem: (missing)
            handlingDescription: (missing)
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                        title:  NOAA/NMFS/EDM
                        date: (inapplicable)
                    code:  52860
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                    organisationName: (inapplicable)
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
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                            linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/ocmp/dmp/pdf/52860.pdf
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                            name:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
                            description:  NOAA Data Management Plan for this record on InPort.
                            function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
                    role: (inapplicable)
            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -146.431
                eastBoundLongitude:  -146.096
                southBoundLatitude:  61.072
                northBoundLatitude:  61.195
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2011-09-21
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2011-09-26
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2011-10-18
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2011-10-28
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimeInstant:
                    description:   | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    timePosition:  2012-06-18
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    distributionInfo:  (MD_Distribution)
        distributionFormat:  (MD_Format)
            name:  LAZ
            version: (missing)
        distributor:  (MD_Distributor)
            distributorContact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                organisationName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                    phone:  (CI_Telephone)
                        voice:  (843) 740-1202
                    address:  (CI_Address)
                        deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                        city:  Charleston
                        administrativeArea:  SC
                        postalCode:  29405-2413
                        country: (missing)
                        electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    onlineResource:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Website
                        description:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management Home Page
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                role:  (CI_RoleCode) distributor
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=8539
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Customized Download
                description:  Create custom data files by choosing data area, product type, map projection, file format, datum, etc. A new metadata will be produced to reflect your request using this record as a base.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid12b/8539/index.html
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Bulk download of data files in LAZ format, geographic coordinates, orthometric heights. Note that the vertical datum (hence elevations) of the files here are different than described in this document.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Horizontal Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The Valdez project was acquired in six (6) missions. The 25 square miles of data was acquired at 1750 meters above ground level (AGL) and has a horizontal accuracy of 0.27 meters.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The Fundamental Vertical Accuracy (FVA) of the Classified Bare Earth for the STARR Valdez project achieved 0.137 meter (at 95% confidence level) in the "Open Terrain" land cover category. 20 control points were used in this evaluation. OCM found that several differing values for the vertical accuracy were noted in different fields within the provided metadata and the accompanying reports. Those values have been maintained in this metadata record, as provided in the original metadata. All values for the vertical accuracy found during the OCM processing are: 1. From the AeroMetric metadata - values of 4.5 cm RMSE (Purpose field), 5.5 cm RMSE (Process Step field) and 6.9 cm RMSE (Vertical Accuracy field, above) 2. From the Elevation Data Quality Assurance Report (Spatial Information Solutions) - 14.4 cm RMSE 3. From the AeroMetric Post-Flight Aerial Acquisition Report - 17.6 cm RMSE
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Report
            evaluationMethodDescription:  Complete
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
            nameOfMeasure:  Conceptual Consistency
            evaluationMethodDescription:  None
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement: (missing)
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  Using a Optech Gemini LiDAR system, 120 flight lines of highest density (Nominal Pulse Spacing of 1.0 m) were collected over the Valdez area. A total of 6 missions were flown on the following dates: 9-21-2011, two on 9-26-2011, 10-18-2011, 10-28-2011 and 6-18-2012. Four airborne global positioning system (GPS) base stations were used to support the LiDAR data acquisition: 45652650, 83682650, 19112910, and 45652910 located at the Valdez airport. Coordinates and further information is available in the Cordova Post-Flight Aerial Acquisition Report.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2011-01-01T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The LiDAR data was captured using a twin engine fixed wing aircraft equipped with a LiDAR system. The LiDAR system includes a differential GPS unit and inertial measurement system to provide superior accuracy. Acquisition parameters: 1. Scanner - Optech ALTM Gemini LIDAR, Leica ALS70 2. Flight Height - 1750 meters above ground level 3. Swath Width - 10 degrees 4. Sidelap - 67% 5. Nominal Point Spacing - 8 points per meter GPS and IMU processing parameters: 1. Processing Programs and version - Applanix POSPac, version 4.4 2. IMU processing monitored for consistency and smoothness - Yes. Point Cloud Processing: 1. Program and version - Optech's Dashmap 5.20 2. Horizontal Datum - NAD83 3. Horizontal Coordinates - UTM zone 6N, in meters. 4. Vertical Datum - NAVD88 5. Geoid Model used to reduce satellite derived elevations to orthometric heights - Geoid09 (Survey Feet). LIDAR Processing: 1. Processing Programs and versions - Optech's Dashmap version 5.20, Leica's IPAS version 3.1, TerraSolid TerraScan (version 011.018), TerraModeler (version 011.005 and TerraMatch (version 011.015) and Intergraph MicroStation (version.08.05.02.70). 2. Point Cloud data is imported to TerraScan in a Microstation V8 (V) CAD environment on a specified 1500m by 1500m tiling scheme 3. Analyze the data for overall completeness and consistency. This is to ensure that there are no voids in the data collection. 4. QC (Quality Control) for calibration errors in the dataset. This is accomplished by sampling the data collected accross all flight lines and classify the idividual lines to ground. The software will use the ground-classified lines to compute corrections (Heading, Pitch, Roll, and Scale). 5. Orientation corrections (i.e. Calibration corrections) are then applied (if needed) to the entire dataset. 6. Automatic ground classification is performed using algorithms with customized parameters to best fit the project area. Several areas of varying relief and planimetric features were inspected to verify the final ground surface. 7. Aerometric provided Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) data for this project. Aerometric processed QA/QC points in 'open terrian' land cover category that were used to test the accuracy of the LiDAR ground surface. TerraScan's Output Control Report (OCR) was used to compare the QAQC data to the LIDAR data. This routine searches the LIDAR dataset by X and Y coordinate, finds the closest LIDAR point and compares the vertical (Z) values to the known data collected in the field. Based on the QAQC data, a bias adjustment was determined, and the results were applied to the LIDAR data. A final OCR was performed with a resulting RMSE of 0.055m for the project. 8. Once the automatic processing and testing of LiDAR is complete, Aerometric meticulously reviews the generated bare-earth surface data to insure that proper classification was achieved as part of a Quality Control process. 9. Final deliverables are generated and output to a client specified PLSS tiling scheme.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2012-08-02T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded 64 laz files from the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys data Portal (https://elevation.alaska.gov/). The files contained classified elevation and intensity measurements for the 2012 Valdez data set. The data were in UTM Zone 6 coordinates and NAVD88 (GEOID09) elevations in feet. The data had the following classifications: 1 - Unclassified, 2 - Ground, 7 - Noise, 8 - Model Key Point. OCM processed all points to the Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV). OCM found that several differing values for the vertical accuracy were noted in different fields within the provided metadata and the accompanying reports. Those values have been maintained in this metadata record, as provided in the original metadata. All values for the vertical accuracy found during the OCM processing are: 1. From the AeroMetric metadata - values of 4.5 cm RMSE (Purpose field), 5.5 cm RMSE (Process Step field) and 6.9 cm RMSE (Vertical Accuracy field) 2. From the Elevation Data Quality Assurance Report (Spatial Information Solutions) - 14.4 cm RMSE 3. From the AeroMetric Post-Flight Aerial Acquisition Report - 17.6 cm RMSE OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes: 1. LAStools lasinfo and lasvalidate were run on the laz files to check for errors. 2. LAStools lasinfo was used to convert the global encoding bit from 0 to 1. 3. An internal OCM script was run to check the number of points by classification and by flight ID and the gps and intensity ranges. 4. Internal OCM scripts were run on the laz files to convert from UTM Zone 6 coordinates to geographic coordinates, to convert from NAVD88 elevations to ellipsoid elevations using the GEOID09 model, to convert from feet to meters, to assign the geokeys, to sort the data by gps time and zip the data to database and to http.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2018-06-06T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  Office for Coastal Management
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:   The vertical values in this data set have been converted to reference North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID12B) meters, using the GEOID12B grids provided by the National Geodetic Survey. Any datum and projection transformations were then done with the Office for Coastal Management 'datum_shift' program. Compression to an LAZ file was done with the LAStools 'laszip' program and can be unzipped with the same free program (laszip.org) Processing notes:
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2023-07-01T05:18:27
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    individualName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor