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2016 USGS Lidar: West Washington
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    identificationInfo:  (MD_DataIdentification)
        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  2016 USGS Lidar: West Washington
            alternateTitle:  wa2016_usgs_west_wa_m6331_metadata
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2017-08-31
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                  Anchor:  InPort Catalog ID 51853
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                        linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/51853
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6331/breaklines/
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                        description:  Hydro breaklines
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=8481
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                        description:  Link to custom download, from the Data Access Viewer (DAV), the raster Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data that were created from this lidar data set.
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                        linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6331/supplemental/wa2016_west_wa_m6331_lidar_report.pdf
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/
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                        name:  NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Data Access Viewer (DAV)
                        description:  The Data Access Viewer (DAV) allows a user to search for and download elevation, imagery, and land cover data for the coastal U.S. and its territories. The data, hosted by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management, can be customized and requested for free download through a checkout interface. An email provides a link to the customized data, while the original data set is available through a link within the viewer.
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                        linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/data/home.html
                        protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                        name:  NOAA's Office for Coastal Management (OCM) Digital Coast Data section
                        description:  The website provides not only coastal data, but also the tools, training, and information needed to make these data truly useful. Content comes from many sources, all of which are vetted by NOAA.
                        function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
                role: (inapplicable)
            presentationForm: (unknown)
        abstract:  In March 2016, Quantum Spatial (QSI) was contracted by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), in collaboration with the Washington Department of Natural Resources (WADNR), to collect Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data for the Western Washington 3DEP QL1 LiDAR project site in the state of Washington. The Western Washington 3DEP LiDAR project area covers approximately 3.5 million acres within portions of thirteen counties in the state of Washington. Dataset Description: RAW flight line swaths were processed to create 13206 classified LAS 1.4 files delineated in 1/100th USGS Quadrangle tiles. Each LAS file contains LiDAR point information, which has been calibrated, controlled, and classified. Additional derived products include intensity images, hydro-flattened DEMs, highest hit surface models, and 3D breaklines of rivers and lakes within the study area. Ground Conditions: Data was collected during the time when the least ground snow coverage was present in the area. Areas where snow was observed have been delineated in a provided snow polygon shapefile. Acquisition below aircraft free of smoke, fog and cloud cover. The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded the USGS_LPC_WA_Western_North_2016_LAS_2018 and USGS_LPC_WA_Western_South_2016_LAS_2018 las files from this USGS site: ftp://rockyftp.cr.usgs.gov/vdelivery/Datasets/Staged/Elevation/LPC/Projects/ and processed the data to the Data Access Viewer (DAV). The classifications available in this data set are: 1 - Unclassified, 2 - Ground, 7 - Noise, 9 - Water, 10 - Ignored Ground, 17 - Bridge Decks , 21 - Temporal Snow, 22 - Temporal Ground, 23 - Temporal Default. Class 21, Temporal Snow, are areas which were observed to have possible snow coverage indentified during lidar acquisition. Class 22, Temporal Ground, are areas within the project area which experienced temporal change in the ground surface due to a landslide. Class 23, Temporal Default, are areas within the project area where vegetation experienced temporal change due to a landslide. See the lidar report (link provided below in the URL section) for more information about these classes. In addition to these lidar point data, the bare earth Digital Elevation Models (DEM) created from the lidar point data are also available. These data are are available for custom download at the link provided in the URL section of this metadata record. Hydro breaklines are also available. These data are available for download at the link provided in the URL section of this metadata record. Please note that these products have not been reviewed by the NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) and any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA or OCM. This data set is an LAZ (compressed LAS) format file containing LIDAR point cloud data.
        purpose:  The purpose of the lidar data was to produce a high accuracy 3D dataset that meets all necessary standards laid out by the 3DEP initiative. The raw lidar point cloud data were used to create classified lidar LAS files, intensity images, hydro-flattened DEMs, highest hit surface models, and 3D breaklines of rivers and lakes within the study area.
        credit:  Quantum Spatial, Inc. coordinated the LiDAR acquisition and processed the data, USGS, Washington DNR. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological Survey would be appreciated for products derived from these data. The custom download may be cited as National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Digital Coast Data Access Viewer. Charleston, SC: NOAA Office for Coastal Management. Accessed Jul 01, 2023 at https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer.
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                    voice:  (843) 740-1202
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                    deliveryPoint:  2234 South Hobson Ave
                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
                    country: (missing)
                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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                    city:  Charleston
                    administrativeArea:  SC
                    postalCode:  29405-2413
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                    electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
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                    linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov
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            fileName: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6331/supplemental/wa2016_west_wa_m6331.kmz
            fileDescription:  Link to data set footprint.
            fileType:  KML
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > TOPOGRAPHY > TERRAIN ELEVATION
            keyword:  EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > COASTAL ELEVATION
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
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                edition:  12.3
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            keyword:  CONTINENT > NORTH AMERICA > UNITED STATES OF AMERICA > WASHINGTON
            keyword:  VERTICAL LOCATION > LAND SURFACE
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date: (missing)
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            keyword:  LIDAR > Light Detection and Ranging
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) instrument
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords
                date: (missing)
                edition:  14.9
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            keyword:  Airplane > Airplane
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Platform Keywords
                date: (missing)
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            keyword:  beach
            keyword:  erosion
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
        descriptiveKeywords:  (MD_Keywords)
            keyword:  Lidar - partner (no harvest)
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) project
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                title:  InPort
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            otherConstraints:  Cite As: OCM Partners, [Date of Access]: 2016 USGS Lidar: West Washington [Data Date Range], https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inport/item/51853.
        resourceConstraints:  (MD_Constraints)
            useLimitation:  NOAA provides no warranty, nor accepts any liability occurring from any incomplete, incorrect, or misleading data, or from any incorrect, incomplete, or misleading use of the data. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether or not the data is suitable for the intended purpose.
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            otherConstraints:  Access Constraints: None | Use Constraints: Users should be aware that temporal changes may have occurred since this data set was collected and some parts of this data may no longer represent actual surface conditions. Users should not use this data for critical applications without a full awareness of its limitations. | Distribution Liability: Any conclusions drawn from the analysis of this information are not the responsibility of Quantum Spatial, Inc., USGS, WA DNR, NOAA, the Office for Coastal Management or its partners.
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                title:  NOAA Data Management Plan (DMP)
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                    code:  51853
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                            linkage: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/inportserve/waf/noaa/nos/ocmp/dmp/pdf/51853.pdf
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            associationType:  (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
        language:  eng; US
        topicCategory:  (MD_TopicCategoryCode) elevation
        environmentDescription:  RiProcess v1.7.2, Applanix PosPac 7.1 SP 3, Microstation Version 8, TerraScan Version 16, TerraModeler Version 16, TerraMatch Version 16, ESRI ArcGIS 10.2, Windows 7 Operating System
        extent:  (EX_Extent)
            geographicElement:  (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
                westBoundLongitude:  -123.892239
                eastBoundLongitude:  -120.697868
                southBoundLatitude:  45.539222
                northBoundLatitude:  49.024049
            temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                extent:
                  TimePeriod:
                    description:  North: March 17 - Sept 30, 2016 South: March 17, 2016 - June 6, 2017 | Currentness: Ground Condition
                    beginPosition:  2016-03-17
                    endPosition:  2017-06-06
        supplementalInformation:  CONTRACTOR: Quantum Spatial, Inc. Ground Control Points were acquired and calibrated by Quantum Spatial, Inc. Data acquisition was coordinated by Quantum Spatial and all Lidar data calibration, and follow-on processing were completed by Quantum Spatial. The following are the USGS lidar fields in JSON: { "lidar" : { "ldrinfo" : { "ldrspec" : "U.S. Geological Survey National Geospatial Program LIDAR Base Specification, Version 1.2", "ldrsens" : "Riegl LMS-Q1560 and Leica ALS80- settings below are max", "ldrmaxnr" : "15", "ldrnps" : "0.7 m", "ldrdens" : "4", "ldranps" : "0.35", "ldradens" : "8", "ldrfltht" : "1900m", "ldrfltsp" : "150", "ldrscana" : "60", "ldrscanr" : "187", "ldrpulsr" : "800", "ldrpulsd" : "3", "ldrpulsw" : "0.899", "ldrwavel" : "1064", "ldrmpia" : "1", "ldrbmdiv" : "0.25", "ldrswatw" : "2100", "ldrswato" : "60", "ldrcrs" : "NAD_1983_HARN_WASP_S", "ldrgeoid" : "National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Geoid03" }, "ldraccur" : { "ldrchacc" : "0.5", "rawnva" : "0.080 m", "rawnvan" : "182" }, "lasinfo" : { "lasver" : "1.4", "lasprf" : "6", "laswheld" : "Withheld points are identified in these files using the standard LAS witheld bit", "lasolap" : "Swath overage points are identified in these files using the standard LAS Witheld and Overlap bits", "lasintr" : "16", "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "1", "clasitem" : "Processed, but Unclassified" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "2", "clasitem" : "Bare earth ground" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "7", "clasitem" : "Low Noise" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "9", "clasitem" : "Water" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "10", "clasitem" : "Ignored Ground Near Breakline" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "17", "clasitem" : "Bridge Decks" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "21", "clasitem" : "Temporal Snow" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "22", "clasitem" : "Temporal Ground" }, "lasclass" : { "clascode" : "23", "clasitem" : "Temporal Default" } } }}
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                        city:  Charleston
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                linkage: https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search/where:ID=6331
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                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
        transferOptions:  (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
            onLine:  (CI_OnlineResource)
                linkage: https://noaa-nos-coastal-lidar-pds.s3.amazonaws.com/laz/geoid18/6331/index.html
                protocol:  WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link
                name:  Bulk Download
                description:  Bulk download of data files.
                function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
        report:  (DQ_AbsoluteExternalPositionalAccuracy)
            nameOfMeasure:  Vertical Positional Accuracy
            evaluationMethodDescription:  The specifications require that raw Non-vegetated Vertical Accuracy (NVA) be computed from the both the raw lidar point cloud swath files and the derived DEMs. Additionally, Vegetated Vertical Accuracy (VVA) is also to be computed from the derived DEMS. The NVA was tested with 182 independent check points located in open terrain, and distributed throughout the project as feasible. These check points were not used in the calibration or post processing of the lidar point cloud data. The VVA was tested with 115 independent check points located in vegetated terrain, also witheld from the calibration and post processing of the lidar point cloud data and distributed throughout the project area as feasible. Specifications for this project require that the NVA be 0.196 meters or better AccuracyZ at the 95% confidence level and that the VVA be 29.4 cm or better AccuracyZ at the 95th percentile. 0.080 meters AccuracyZ at the 95 percent Confidence Interval for Raw LAS NVA. 0.081 meters AccuracyZ at the 95 percent Confidence Interval for DEM NVA. The 182 independent NVA check points were surveyed using the closed level loop technique. Elevations interpolated from the unclassified lidar surface were compared to the elevation values of the surveyed NVA check points. The RMSE was computed to be 0.041 meters resulting in an AccuracyZ at the 95% confidence level of 0.080 meters. The 182 NVA check points were also compared to the elevations of the derived bare earth DEMs. The RMSE was computed to be 0.042 meters resulting in an AccuracyZ of 0.081 meters at the 95% confidence level. NVA AccuracyZ has been tested and meets the required 0.196 meter NVA at 95% confidence level using (RMSEz * 1.9600) for both the raw lidar point cloud and derived DEMs, as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) and herein reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines. 0.207 meters AccuracyZ at the 95th percentile for DEM VVA. The 115 VVA check points were also surveyed using the closed level loop technique. Elevations for these points were compared to the elevations of the derived bare earth DEMs. The RMSE was computed to be 0.112 meters resulting in an AccuracyZ of 0.207 meters at the 95th percentile. AccuracyZ has been tested on the derived bare earth DEMs and meets the required 29.4 meter VVA using the 95th percentile of the absolute value of all vertical errors in all combined vegetation classes as defined by the National Standards for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA); and herein reported using National Digital Elevation Program (NDEP)/ASPRS Guidelines.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_CompletenessCommission)
            nameOfMeasure:  Completeness Report
            evaluationMethodDescription:  LAS files include all data points collected. No points have been removed or excluded. Shaded relief images have been visually inspected for data errors such as pits, border artifacts, and shifting. LiDAR flight lines have been examined to ensure consistent elevation values across overlapping flight lines. The raw point cloud is of good quality and data passes Vertical Accuracy specifications.
            result: (missing)
        report:  (DQ_ConceptualConsistency)
            nameOfMeasure:  Conceptual Consistency
            evaluationMethodDescription:  LAS files were tested by QSI for both vertical and horizontal accuracy. All data is seamless from one tile to the next.
            result: (missing)
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement: (missing)
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  LiDAR Pre-Processing: 1. Review flight lines and data to ensure complete coverage of the study area and positional accuracy of the laser points. 2. Resolve kinematic corrections for aircraft position data using kinematic aircraft GPS and static ground GPS data. 3. Develop a smoothed best estimate of trajectory (SBET) file that blends post-processed aircraft position with sensor head position and attitude recorded throughout the survey. 4. Calculate laser point position by associating SBET position to each laser point return time, scan angle, intensity, etc. Create raw laser point cloud data for the entire survey in *.las format. Convert data to orthometric elevations by applying a geoid03 correction. 5. Import raw laser points into manageable blocks (less than 500 MB) to perform manual relative accuracy calibration and filter erroneous points. Classify ground points for individual flight lines. 6. Using ground classified points per each flight line, test the relative accuracy. Perform automated line-to-line calibrations for system attitude parameters (pitch, roll, heading), mirror flex (scale) and GPS/IMU drift. Calculate calibrations on ground classified points from paired flight lines and apply results to all points in a flight line. Use every flight line for relative accuracy calibration. 7. Adjust the point cloud by comparing ground classified points to supplemental ground control points.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2017-08-31T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  LiDAR Post-Processing: 1. Classify data to ground and other client designated classifications using proprietary classification algorithms. 2. Manually QC data classification 3. After completion of classification and final QC approval, calculate NVA and VVA, and density information for the project using ground control quality check points.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2017-08-31T00:00:00
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:  The NOAA Office for Coastal Management (OCM) downloaded 13,205 (North - 7147, South - 6058) laz files from the USGS rockyftp site. The files contained elevation and intensity measurements for the project area in Washington. The data were in WA State Plane South coordinates and NAVD88 (Geoid03) elevations in feet. The data were classified as: 1 -Unclassified, 2 - Ground, 7 - Noise, 9 - Water, 10 - Ignored Ground, 17 - Bridge Decks, 21 - Temporal Snow, 22 - Temporal Ground, 23 - Temporal Default. The NOAA Office for Coastal Management processed all classifications of points to the Digital Coast Data Access Viewer (DAV). Classes available on the DAV are: 1, 2, 7, 9, 10, 17, 21, 22, 23. OCM performed the following processing on the data for Digital Coast storage and provisioning purposes: 1. The LAStools software scripts lasinfo and lasvalidate were run on the laz files to check for errors. 2. An internal OCM script was run to check the number of points by classification and by flight ID and the gps and intensity ranges. 3. Two files were found that had a single erroneous point (misplaced xy). The single erroneous point in each of the two files was removed. The files were 20160317_UGSS_LPC_WA_Western_North_2016_q48122G3212_LAS_2018.laz and 20160330_USGS_LPC_WA_Western_North_2016_q48122H1317_LAS_2018.laz 4. Internal OCM scripts were run on the laz files to convert from orthometric (NAVD88) elevations to ellipsoid elevations using the Geoid03 model, to convert from WA State Plane South coordinates to geographic coordinates, to convert from elevation units of feet to meters, to assign the geokeys, to sort the data by gps time and zip the data to database and to http.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2018-03-23T00:00:00
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  Office for Coastal Management
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: This data source was used (along with the airborne GPS/IMU data) to georeference the LiDAR point cloud data.
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Base Station Control
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2017-08-31
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimeInstant:
                            timePosition:  2017-08-31
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: This data source was used to assess the accuracy of LiDAR point cloud data.
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Ground Control Quality Check Points
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2017-08-31
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimeInstant:
                            timePosition:  2017-08-31
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: This data source was used to populate the LiDAR point cloud data.
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  LiDAR RAW Data
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2017-08-31
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimePeriod:
                            beginPosition:  2016-03-17
                            endPosition:  2017-06-06
            source:  (LI_Source)
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Originator of Data
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2018-02-01
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: This data source was used (along with base station control data) to georeference the LiDAR point cloud data.
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Smooth Best Estimate Trajectories
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2017-08-31
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimeInstant:
                            timePosition:  2017-08-31
            source:  (LI_Source)
                description:  Source Contribution: This data source was used to refine lidar positional accuracy during the calibration process.
                sourceCitation:  (CI_Citation)
                    title:  Supplemental Ground Control Points
                    date:  (CI_Date)
                        date:  2017-08-31
                        dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
                sourceExtent:  (EX_Extent)
                    temporalElement:  (EX_TemporalExtent)
                        extent:
                          TimeInstant:
                            timePosition:  2017-08-31
            processStep:  (LI_ProcessStep)
                description:   The vertical values in this data set have been converted to reference North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) (GEOID18) meters, using the GEOID18 grids provided by the National Geodetic Survey. Any datum and projection transformations were then done with the Office for Coastal Management 'datum_shift' program. Compression to an LAZ file was done with the LAStools 'laszip' program and can be unzipped with the same free program (laszip.org) Processing notes:
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2023-07-01T08:23:56
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    individualName:  NOAA Office for Coastal Management
                    contactInfo:  (CI_Contact)
                        address:  (CI_Address)
                            electronicMailAddress:  coastal.info@noaa.gov
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor